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Data as of 2024
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Built 2026-09-19 (19 September 2026)

Indonesia vs Japan: Electricity Compared

Indonesia generated 372 TWh of electricity in 2024 and Japan 1,016 TWh, according to Ember. Indonesia's largest source was coal (61.5%); Japan's was gas (34.1%). Each kWh generated emitted 681 gCO2/kWh in Indonesia and 484 gCO2/kWh in Japan. These are Ember annual statistics for 2024, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.

Ember's latest annual figures for Indonesia are for 2024, while Japan has figures to 2025, so this comparison uses 2024 for both.

Why this comparison: both among the 20 largest electricity users.

Key Facts

  • Coal supplied 61.5% of Indonesia's electricity in 2024, against 32.2% in Japan.
  • The average person in Japan used 8.21 MWh of electricity in 2024, 6.3 times as much as in Indonesia (1.31 MWh).
  • Low carbon sources supplied 18.1% of Indonesia's electricity in 2024 and 31.3% of Japan's.
  • Electricity demand in 2024 was 373 TWh in Indonesia and 1,016 TWh in Japan.

Key Figures, 2024

Ember annual statistics
MeasureIndonesiaJapan
Total generation372 TWh1,016 TWh
Electricity demand373 TWh1,016 TWh
Demand per person1.31 MWh8.21 MWh
Carbon intensity681 gCO2/kWh484 gCO2/kWh
Power sector emissions253 MtCO2492 MtCO2
Low carbon share18.1%31.3%
Largest sourceCoal 61.5%Gas 34.1%

Generation Mix, 2024

Share of generation
SourceIndonesiaJapan
Coal 61.5% 32.2%
Gas 18.5% 34.1%
Solar 0.4% 9.5%
Nuclear 0.0% 8.4%
Hydro 7.3% 7.8%
Bioenergy 5.7% 4.5%
Other renewables 4.5% 0.0%
Other fossil 1.9% 2.5%
Wind 0.1% 1.1%

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics
Carbon intensity of electricity in Indonesia and Japan, 1985 to 2025 Carbon intensity of electricity generated in Indonesia and Japan each year from 1985 to 2025, in gCO2/kWh. In 2024 it was 681 gCO2/kWh in Indonesia and 484 gCO2/kWh in Japan. 0 200 400 600 800 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Carbon intensity of electricity generated in Indonesia and Japan each year from 1985 to 2025, in gCO2/kWh. In 2024 it was 681 gCO2/kWh in Indonesia and 484 gCO2/kWh in Japan.
Annual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh
Carbon intensity of electricity in Indonesia and Japan, 1985 to 2025
YearIndonesiaJapan
1985n/a421 gCO2/kWh
1986n/a417 gCO2/kWh
1987n/a417 gCO2/kWh
1988n/a427 gCO2/kWh
1989n/a429 gCO2/kWh
1990n/a447 gCO2/kWh
1991n/a438 gCO2/kWh
1992n/a445 gCO2/kWh
1993n/a419 gCO2/kWh
1994n/a444 gCO2/kWh
1995n/a424 gCO2/kWh
1996n/a423 gCO2/kWh
1997n/a408 gCO2/kWh
1998n/a404 gCO2/kWh
1999n/a419 gCO2/kWh
2000631 gCO2/kWh424 gCO2/kWh
2001626 gCO2/kWh424 gCO2/kWh
2002643 gCO2/kWh434 gCO2/kWh
2003656 gCO2/kWh476 gCO2/kWh
2004654 gCO2/kWh450 gCO2/kWh
2005651 gCO2/kWh462 gCO2/kWh
2006668 gCO2/kWh447 gCO2/kWh
2007663 gCO2/kWh470 gCO2/kWh
2008653 gCO2/kWh485 gCO2/kWh
2009661 gCO2/kWh460 gCO2/kWh
2010637 gCO2/kWh447 gCO2/kWh
2011667 gCO2/kWh505 gCO2/kWh
2012687 gCO2/kWh595 gCO2/kWh
2013682 gCO2/kWh596 gCO2/kWh
2014692 gCO2/kWh592 gCO2/kWh
2015697 gCO2/kWh578 gCO2/kWh
2016689 gCO2/kWh567 gCO2/kWh
2017689 gCO2/kWh558 gCO2/kWh
2018684 gCO2/kWh542 gCO2/kWh
2019694 gCO2/kWh529 gCO2/kWh
2020685 gCO2/kWh528 gCO2/kWh
2021685 gCO2/kWh515 gCO2/kWh
2022676 gCO2/kWh520 gCO2/kWh
2023681 gCO2/kWh493 gCO2/kWh
2024681 gCO2/kWh484 gCO2/kWh
2025n/a477 gCO2/kWh

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics
Electricity demand per person in Indonesia and Japan, 1985 to 2025 Electricity demand per person in Indonesia and Japan each year from 1985 to 2025, in MWh. In 2024 it was 1.31 MWh in Indonesia and 8.21 MWh in Japan. 0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Electricity demand per person in Indonesia and Japan each year from 1985 to 2025, in MWh. In 2024 it was 1.31 MWh in Indonesia and 8.21 MWh in Japan.
Annual statistics through 2025, MWh
Electricity demand per person in Indonesia and Japan, 1985 to 2025
YearIndonesiaJapan
1985n/an/a
1986n/an/a
1987n/an/a
1988n/an/a
1989n/an/a
1990n/an/a
1991n/an/a
1992n/an/a
1993n/an/a
1994n/an/a
1995n/an/a
1996n/an/a
1997n/an/a
1998n/an/a
1999n/an/a
20000.45 MWh8.66 MWh
20010.49 MWh8.51 MWh
20020.51 MWh8.65 MWh
20030.52 MWh8.56 MWh
20040.55 MWh8.77 MWh
20050.58 MWh9.01 MWh
20060.59 MWh9.10 MWh
20070.63 MWh9.21 MWh
20080.65 MWh9.24 MWh
20090.67 MWh8.69 MWh
20100.72 MWh9.02 MWh
20110.77 MWh8.62 MWh
20120.83 MWh8.65 MWh
20130.88 MWh8.52 MWh
20140.92 MWh8.34 MWh
20150.93 MWh8.09 MWh
20160.98 MWh8.37 MWh
20171.00 MWh8.48 MWh
20181.06 MWh8.53 MWh
20191.09 MWh8.27 MWh
20201.07 MWh8.01 MWh
20211.12 MWh8.23 MWh
20221.20 MWh8.33 MWh
20231.25 MWh8.10 MWh
20241.31 MWh8.21 MWh
2025n/a8.37 MWh

Indonesia history · Japan history

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2024.