Iran Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions
Iran generated 399 TWh of electricity in 2025, according to Ember. Gas was the largest source at 73.3%, followed by other fossil (21.3%) and hydro (3.0%). Demand was 398 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 656 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2025, with monthly figures through April 2025; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.
Key Facts
- Iran generated 399 TWh of electricity in 2025.
- Gas supplied 73.3% of Iran's electricity in 2025.
- Other fossil supplied 21.3% of Iran's electricity in 2025.
- Hydro supplied 3.0% of Iran's electricity in 2025.
- Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 5.2% of Iran's generation in 2025.
- The carbon intensity of Iran's electricity was 656 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
- Iran's carbon intensity in 2025 was 14% higher than in 1985, when it was 577 gCO2/kWh.
- Iran had the 11th highest electricity demand among the 93 countries with Ember data for 2025.
Key Figures, 2025
| Measure | Value | As of / source |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 399 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Electricity demand | 398 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Demand per person | 4.28 MWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Net imports | -1.05 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Carbon intensity | 656 gCO2/kWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Power sector emissions | 262 MtCO2 | 2025 · Ember |
| Demand rank (countries with 2025 data) | 11 of 93 | 2025 · Ember |
Generation Mix, 2025
Year by Year
Ember annual statistics, 1985 to 2025| Year | Gas | Other fossil | Hydro | Nuclear | Solar |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1985 | 13.7 TWh | 19.2 TWh | 5.90 TWh | 0 TWh | n/a |
| 1986 | 15.8 TWh | 19.3 TWh | 7.05 TWh | 0 TWh | n/a |
| 1987 | 13.5 TWh | 23.6 TWh | 7.82 TWh | 0 TWh | n/a |
| 1988 | 20.0 TWh | 18.6 TWh | 8.25 TWh | 0 TWh | n/a |
| 1989 | 26.4 TWh | 18.3 TWh | 6.73 TWh | 0 TWh | n/a |
| 1990 | 30.3 TWh | 19.9 TWh | 7.38 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1991 | 35.0 TWh | 22.1 TWh | 5.61 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1992 | 37.2 TWh | 20.7 TWh | 9.20 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1993 | 40.3 TWh | 23.8 TWh | 10.5 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1994 | 47.3 TWh | 26.8 TWh | 6.90 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1995 | 46.6 TWh | 29.3 TWh | 8.32 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1996 | 49.1 TWh | 31.7 TWh | 8.81 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1997 | 58.9 TWh | 32.1 TWh | 5.94 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1998 | 71.8 TWh | 23.0 TWh | 7.49 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1999 | 77.2 TWh | 27.3 TWh | 5.14 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2000 | 81.6 TWh | 33.5 TWh | 3.78 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 2001 | 89.5 TWh | 33.5 TWh | 4.12 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 2002 | 98.0 TWh | 31.6 TWh | 8.01 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 2003 | 110 TWh | 31.7 TWh | 9.59 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 2004 | 115 TWh | 35.7 TWh | 11.9 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 2005 | 125 TWh | 37.4 TWh | 14.5 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 2006 | 125 TWh | 49.1 TWh | 18.5 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 2007 | 139 TWh | 45.7 TWh | 18.0 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 2008 | 135 TWh | 67.4 TWh | 7.44 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 2009 | 149 TWh | 65.1 TWh | 6.72 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 2010 | 174 TWh | 51.0 TWh | 10.3 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 2011 | 142 TWh | 81.8 TWh | 10.7 TWh | 110 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2012 | 156 TWh | 77.7 TWh | 12.5 TWh | 1.45 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2013 | 138 TWh | 102 TWh | 14.6 TWh | 4.26 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2014 | 192 TWh | 64.3 TWh | 14.5 TWh | 4.07 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2015 | 207 TWh | 56.3 TWh | 13.3 TWh | 3.50 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2016 | 225 TWh | 38.3 TWh | 15.4 TWh | 6.47 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2017 | 253 TWh | 27.4 TWh | 17.2 TWh | 6.96 TWh | 90.0 GWh |
| 2018 | 266 TWh | 27.7 TWh | 9.84 TWh | 6.88 TWh | 220 GWh |
| 2019 | 224 TWh | 52.3 TWh | 33.9 TWh | 6.41 TWh | 510 GWh |
| 2020 | 248 TWh | 56.8 TWh | 23.2 TWh | 6.33 TWh | 580 GWh |
| 2021 | 282 TWh | 54.2 TWh | 13.8 TWh | 3.54 TWh | 620 GWh |
| 2022 | 279 TWh | 65.2 TWh | 14.0 TWh | 6.57 TWh | 740 GWh |
| 2023 | 294 TWh | 56.3 TWh | 22.8 TWh | 6.64 TWh | 740 GWh |
| 2024 | 286 TWh | 81.0 TWh | 18.9 TWh | 7.04 TWh | 970 GWh |
| 2025 | 292 TWh | 85.0 TWh | 12.0 TWh | 5.39 TWh | 2.20 TWh |
| Year | Generation | Demand | Carbon intensity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 399 TWh | 398 TWh | 656 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 396 TWh | 393 TWh | 643 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 382 TWh | 375 TWh | 638 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 367 TWh | 361 TWh | 651 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 356 TWh | 350 TWh | 658 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 337 TWh | 330 TWh | 630 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 319 TWh | 312 TWh | 605 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 312 TWh | 309 TWh | 658 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 305 TWh | 301 TWh | 642 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 286 TWh | 284 TWh | 642 gCO2/kWh |
Full year by year history for Iran, 1985 to 2025
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.
Month by Month
Ember monthly statistics through April 2025| Month | Demand | Generation |
|---|---|---|
| 2023-05 | 34.1 TWh | 34.3 TWh |
| 2023-06 | 38.2 TWh | 38.5 TWh |
| 2023-07 | 41.9 TWh | 42.2 TWh |
| 2023-08 | 41.6 TWh | 41.6 TWh |
| 2023-09 | 36.8 TWh | 37.0 TWh |
| 2023-10 | 32.2 TWh | 32.2 TWh |
| 2023-11 | 27.5 TWh | 27.5 TWh |
| 2023-12 | 27.8 TWh | 28.0 TWh |
| 2024-01 | 27.8 TWh | 28.1 TWh |
| 2024-02 | 25.5 TWh | 25.6 TWh |
| 2024-03 | 29.1 TWh | 29.3 TWh |
| 2024-04 | 28.6 TWh | 28.9 TWh |
| 2024-05 | 34.1 TWh | 34.4 TWh |
| 2024-06 | 40.2 TWh | 40.4 TWh |
| 2024-07 | 39.2 TWh | 39.3 TWh |
| 2024-08 | 41.0 TWh | 41.0 TWh |
| 2024-09 | 36.2 TWh | 36.4 TWh |
| 2024-10 | 31.6 TWh | 31.8 TWh |
| 2024-11 | 27.4 TWh | 27.5 TWh |
| 2024-12 | 27.2 TWh | 27.2 TWh |
| 2025-01 | 27.2 TWh | 27.4 TWh |
| 2025-02 | 23.9 TWh | 24.1 TWh |
| 2025-03 | 26.0 TWh | 26.0 TWh |
| 2025-04 | 30.3 TWh | 30.3 TWh |
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of April 2025.
Iran Electricity FAQ
What is the main source of electricity in Iran?
Gas was the largest source of electricity in Iran in 2025, supplying 73.3% of generation, followed by other fossil (21.3%) and hydro (3.0%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.
How much electricity does Iran use?
Iran used 398 TWh of electricity in 2025, about 4.28 MWh per person.
How clean is Iran's electricity?
Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in Iran emitted 656 gCO2/kWh in 2025, and low carbon sources supplied 5.2% of generation. That is 43% above the world average of 459 gCO2/kWh.
Does Iran import electricity?
No. Iran was a net exporter in 2025, exporting 1.05 TWh more than it imported.