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Iran Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions

Iran generated 399 TWh of electricity in 2025, according to Ember. Gas was the largest source at 73.3%, followed by other fossil (21.3%) and hydro (3.0%). Demand was 397 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 656 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2025, with monthly figures through April 2025; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.

Key Facts

  • Iran generated 399 TWh of electricity in 2025.
  • Gas supplied 73.3% of Iran's electricity in 2025.
  • Other fossil supplied 21.3% of Iran's electricity in 2025.
  • Hydro supplied 3.0% of Iran's electricity in 2025.
  • Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 5.2% of Iran's generation in 2025.
  • The carbon intensity of Iran's electricity was 656 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
  • Iran's carbon intensity in 2025 was 14% higher than in 1985, when it was 577 gCO2/kWh.
  • Iran had the 13th highest electricity demand among the 96 countries with Ember data for 2025.

Key Figures, 2025

MeasureValueAs of / source
Total generation399 TWh2025 · Ember
Electricity demand397 TWh2025 · Ember
Demand per person4.28 MWh2025 · Ember
Net imports-1.43 TWh2025 · Ember
Carbon intensity656 gCO2/kWh2025 · Ember
Power sector emissions262 MtCO22025 · Ember
Demand rank (countries with 2025 data)13 of 962025 · Ember

Generation Mix, 2025

SourceGenerationShare
Gas 292 TWh 73.3%
Other fossil 85.0 TWh 21.3%
Hydro 12.0 TWh 3.0%
Nuclear 5.39 TWh 1.4%
Solar 2.20 TWh 0.6%
Wind 1.17 TWh 0.3%
Coal 740 GWh 0.2%
Bioenergy 30.0 GWh 0.0%
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Year by Year

Ember annual statistics, 1985 to 2025
Iran electricity generation by source, 1985 to 2025 Iran's electricity generation by main source from 1985 to 2025, in TWh. In 2025 the largest sources were gas at 292 TWh, other fossil at 85.0 TWh, hydro at 12.0 TWh, nuclear at 5.39 TWh, solar at 2.20 TWh. 0 75 150 225 300 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Iran's electricity generation by main source from 1985 to 2025, in TWh. In 2025 the largest sources were gas at 292 TWh, other fossil at 85.0 TWh, hydro at 12.0 TWh, nuclear at 5.39 TWh, solar at 2.20 TWh.
Annual statistics through 2025, TWh
Iran electricity generation by source, 1985 to 2025
YearGasOther fossilHydroNuclearSolar
198513.7 TWh19.2 TWh5.90 TWh0 TWhn/a
198615.8 TWh19.3 TWh7.05 TWh0 TWhn/a
198713.5 TWh23.6 TWh7.82 TWh0 TWhn/a
198820.0 TWh18.6 TWh8.25 TWh0 TWhn/a
198926.4 TWh18.3 TWh6.73 TWh0 TWhn/a
199030.3 TWh19.9 TWh7.38 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199135.0 TWh22.1 TWh5.61 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199237.2 TWh20.7 TWh9.20 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199340.3 TWh23.8 TWh10.5 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199447.3 TWh26.8 TWh6.90 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199546.6 TWh29.3 TWh8.32 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199649.1 TWh31.7 TWh8.81 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199758.9 TWh32.1 TWh5.94 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199871.8 TWh23.0 TWh7.49 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199977.2 TWh27.3 TWh5.14 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
200081.6 TWh33.5 TWh3.78 TWhn/a0 TWh
200189.5 TWh33.5 TWh4.12 TWhn/a0 TWh
200298.0 TWh31.6 TWh8.01 TWhn/a0 TWh
2003110 TWh31.7 TWh9.59 TWhn/a0 TWh
2004115 TWh35.7 TWh11.9 TWhn/a0 TWh
2005125 TWh37.4 TWh14.5 TWhn/a0 TWh
2006125 TWh49.1 TWh18.5 TWhn/a0 TWh
2007139 TWh45.7 TWh18.0 TWhn/a0 TWh
2008135 TWh67.4 TWh7.44 TWhn/a0 TWh
2009149 TWh65.1 TWh6.72 TWhn/a0 TWh
2010174 TWh51.0 TWh10.3 TWhn/a0 TWh
2011142 TWh81.8 TWh10.7 TWh110 GWh0 TWh
2012156 TWh77.7 TWh12.5 TWh1.45 TWh0 TWh
2013138 TWh102 TWh14.6 TWh4.26 TWh0 TWh
2014192 TWh64.3 TWh14.5 TWh4.07 TWh0 TWh
2015207 TWh56.3 TWh13.3 TWh3.50 TWh0 TWh
2016225 TWh38.3 TWh15.4 TWh6.47 TWh0 TWh
2017253 TWh27.4 TWh17.2 TWh6.96 TWh90.0 GWh
2018266 TWh27.7 TWh9.84 TWh6.88 TWh220 GWh
2019224 TWh52.3 TWh33.9 TWh6.41 TWh510 GWh
2020248 TWh56.8 TWh23.2 TWh6.33 TWh580 GWh
2021282 TWh54.2 TWh13.8 TWh3.54 TWh620 GWh
2022279 TWh65.2 TWh14.0 TWh6.57 TWh740 GWh
2023294 TWh56.3 TWh22.8 TWh6.64 TWh740 GWh
2024286 TWh81.0 TWh18.9 TWh7.04 TWh970 GWh
2025292 TWh85.0 TWh12.0 TWh5.39 TWh2.20 TWh
YearGenerationDemandCarbon intensity
2025 399 TWh 397 TWh 656 gCO2/kWh
2024 396 TWh 393 TWh 643 gCO2/kWh
2023 382 TWh 375 TWh 638 gCO2/kWh
2022 367 TWh 361 TWh 651 gCO2/kWh
2021 356 TWh 350 TWh 658 gCO2/kWh
2020 337 TWh 330 TWh 630 gCO2/kWh
2019 319 TWh 312 TWh 605 gCO2/kWh
2018 312 TWh 309 TWh 658 gCO2/kWh
2017 305 TWh 301 TWh 642 gCO2/kWh
2016 286 TWh 284 TWh 642 gCO2/kWh

Full year by year history for Iran, 1985 to 2025

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.

Month by Month

Ember monthly statistics through April 2025
Iran monthly electricity demand and generation, May 2023 to April 2025 Iran's electricity demand in April 2025 was 30.3 TWh, and generation from the sources Ember reports was 30.3 TWh. Carbon intensity that month was 672 gCO2/kWh. 0 13 25 38 50 2023-052023-112024-052024-11
Iran's electricity demand in April 2025 was 30.3 TWh, and generation from the sources Ember reports was 30.3 TWh. Carbon intensity that month was 672 gCO2/kWh.
Monthly statistics through April 2025, TWh
Iran monthly electricity demand and generation, May 2023 to April 2025
MonthDemandGeneration
2023-0534.1 TWh34.3 TWh
2023-0638.2 TWh38.5 TWh
2023-0741.9 TWh42.2 TWh
2023-0841.6 TWh41.6 TWh
2023-0936.8 TWh37.0 TWh
2023-1032.2 TWh32.2 TWh
2023-1127.5 TWh27.5 TWh
2023-1227.8 TWh28.0 TWh
2024-0127.8 TWh28.1 TWh
2024-0225.5 TWh25.6 TWh
2024-0329.1 TWh29.3 TWh
2024-0428.6 TWh28.9 TWh
2024-0534.1 TWh34.4 TWh
2024-0640.2 TWh40.4 TWh
2024-0739.2 TWh39.3 TWh
2024-0841.0 TWh41.0 TWh
2024-0936.2 TWh36.4 TWh
2024-1031.6 TWh31.8 TWh
2024-1127.4 TWh27.5 TWh
2024-1227.2 TWh27.2 TWh
2025-0127.2 TWh27.4 TWh
2025-0223.9 TWh24.1 TWh
2025-0326.0 TWh26.0 TWh
2025-0430.3 TWh30.3 TWh

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of April 2025.

Seasonal Patterns in Iran

Ember monthly statistics, complete years only, through April 2025

Electricity demand by month

Look for the brightest columns. Averaged over 2019 to 2024, demand is highest in August and lowest in January, and the busiest month uses 60% more electricity per day than the quietest.

Iran's electricity demand for each month, in TWh, 2019 to 2024. Colour shows demand per day, so short months are not shaded as quiet.
Year JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2024 27.8 25.5 29.1 28.6 34.1 40.2 39.2 41.0 36.2 31.6 27.4 27.2
2023 25.8 23.8 26.7 27.0 34.1 38.2 41.9 41.6 36.8 32.2 27.5 27.8
2022 21.7 25.9 28.9 27.2 30.3 38.1 39.1 39.2 35.1 30.7 26.1 26.6
2021 23.8 22.2 26.3 26.4 31.9 35.9 35.8 38.5 33.0 28.6 25.0 25.4
2020 22.8 21.6 22.1 22.0 28.7 34.1 37.9 35.8 31.8 26.6 23.6 24.3
2019 22.0 19.2 22.3 20.7 27.4 32.6 36.0 34.7 30.0 26.4 22.0 22.7
  • Lower demand per day
  • Higher demand per day
  • No data
  • Each cell shows the month's total demand in TWh, and colour compares demand per day so short months are not shaded as quiet. Lowest cell 19.2 TWh, highest 41.9 TWh. Colours are relative to Iran alone.

Low carbon share of generation by month

Look for the brightest columns. Averaged over 2019 to 2024, the low carbon share is highest in March (10%) and lowest in November (2%), a gap of 7.7 points.

Share of Iran's electricity generation from nuclear and renewable sources for each month, in percent, 2019 to 2024.
Year JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2024 2% 3% 10% 7% 7% 8% 11% 7% 4% 2% 2% 2%
2023 4% 8% 11% 8% 8% 7% 9% 7% 4% 2% 2% 2%
2022 3% 4% 11% 4% 4% 5% 6% 6% 4% 2% 1% 3%
2021 6% 5% 7% 4% 6% 7% 5% 3% 2% 1% 1% 2%
2020 6% 8% 9% 10% 7% 8% 8% 7% 5% 5% 3% 6%
2019 8% 17% 13% 22% 13% 10% 11% 10% 7% 5% 5% 5%
  • Lower low carbon share
  • Higher low carbon share
  • No data
  • Each cell shows the low carbon share. Lowest cell 1%, highest 22%. Colours are relative to Iran alone.

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of April 2025. Complete calendar years only.

Countries With a Similar Electricity Mix

Ember annual, 2025

Iran's closest match is Libya, 94.6% the same.

  1. Libya 94.6% the same Libya generates 4.1 points more other fossil than Iran
  2. Benin 94.2% the same Benin generates 3.4 points more solar than Iran
  3. Egypt 87.0% the same Egypt generates 11.5 points less other fossil than Iran
  4. Saudi Arabia 85.9% the same Saudi Arabia generates 10.8 points more other fossil than Iran
  5. Kuwait 84.2% the same Kuwait generates 14.1 points more other fossil than Iran

How close: the share of generation that would have to change fuel for one mix to match the other (half the sum of the fuel share differences); 100% minus that is "the same". Grids under 1 TWh are skipped. Grid twins: the 25 closest pairs and every country's nearest match

Iran Electricity FAQ

What is the main source of electricity in Iran?

Gas was the largest source of electricity in Iran in 2025, supplying 73.3% of generation, followed by other fossil (21.3%) and hydro (3.0%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.

How much electricity does Iran use?

Iran used 397 TWh of electricity in 2025, about 4.28 MWh per person.

How clean is Iran's electricity?

Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in Iran emitted 656 gCO2/kWh in 2025, and low carbon sources supplied 5.2% of generation. That is 43% above the world average of 460 gCO2/kWh.

Does Iran import electricity?

No. Iran was a net exporter in 2025, exporting 1.43 TWh more than it imported.

When does Iran use the most electricity?

Averaged over 2019 to 2024, Iran's electricity demand is highest in August and lowest in January. The busiest month uses 60% more electricity per day than the quietest (Ember monthly data).

Cite this page
APA 7

World Power Monitor. (2025). Iran Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions. https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/iran/

Plain text

World Power Monitor. Iran Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions. Data as of 2025-04. Data from Ember. https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/iran/

BibTeX 
@misc{wpm_countries_iran_2025,
  title = {{Iran Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions}},
  author = {{World Power Monitor}},
  year = {2025},
  note = {Data as of 2025-04. Data from Ember.},
  url = {https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/iran/}
}

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