France Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions
France generated 570 TWh of electricity in 2025, according to Ember. Nuclear was the largest source at 68.8%, followed by hydro (10.4%) and wind (8.2%). Demand was 476 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 41 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2025, with monthly figures through August 2026; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.
Key Facts
- France generated 570 TWh of electricity in 2025.
- Nuclear supplied 68.8% of France's electricity in 2025.
- Hydro supplied 10.4% of France's electricity in 2025.
- Wind supplied 8.2% of France's electricity in 2025.
- Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 94.9% of France's generation in 2025.
- The carbon intensity of France's electricity was 41 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
- France's carbon intensity in 2025 was 60% lower than in 1990, when it was 104 gCO2/kWh.
- France had the 10th highest electricity demand among the 93 countries with Ember data for 2025.
Key Figures, 2025
| Measure | Value | As of / source |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 570 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Electricity demand | 476 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Demand per person | 7.15 MWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Net imports | -93.8 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Carbon intensity | 41 gCO2/kWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Power sector emissions | 23.6 MtCO2 | 2025 · Ember |
| Demand rank (countries with 2025 data) | 10 of 93 | 2025 · Ember |
Generation Mix, 2025
| Source | Generation | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclear | 392 TWh | 68.8% |
| Hydro | 59.4 TWh | 10.4% |
| Wind | 46.5 TWh | 8.2% |
| Solar | 32.0 TWh | 5.6% |
| Gas | 17.2 TWh | 3.0% |
| Other fossil | 10.4 TWh | 1.8% |
| Bioenergy | 10.3 TWh | 1.8% |
| Coal | 1.75 TWh | 0.3% |
| Other renewables | 570 GWh | 0.1% |
Year by Year
Ember annual statistics, 1990 to 2025Annual statistics through 2025, TWh
| Year | Nuclear | Hydro | Wind | Solar | Gas |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 314 TWh | 52.7 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 3.03 TWh |
| 1991 | 331 TWh | 56.3 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 3.05 TWh |
| 1992 | 338 TWh | 67.5 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 3.18 TWh |
| 1993 | 368 TWh | 63.3 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 3.50 TWh |
| 1994 | 360 TWh | 77.0 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 3.63 TWh |
| 1995 | 377 TWh | 71.3 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 3.84 TWh |
| 1996 | 397 TWh | 64.7 TWh | 10.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 4.12 TWh |
| 1997 | 395 TWh | 62.1 TWh | 10.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 4.90 TWh |
| 1998 | 388 TWh | 60.8 TWh | 20.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 4.97 TWh |
| 1999 | 394 TWh | 70.8 TWh | 40.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 7.70 TWh |
| 2000 | 415 TWh | 64.8 TWh | 50.0 GWh | 10.0 GWh | 11.5 TWh |
| 2001 | 421 TWh | 72.6 TWh | 130 GWh | 10.0 GWh | 15.2 TWh |
| 2002 | 437 TWh | 58.9 TWh | 270 GWh | 10.0 GWh | 18.4 TWh |
| 2003 | 441 TWh | 57.4 TWh | 390 GWh | 10.0 GWh | 19.4 TWh |
| 2004 | 448 TWh | 58.0 TWh | 590 GWh | 10.0 GWh | 21.1 TWh |
| 2005 | 452 TWh | 50.1 TWh | 960 GWh | 10.0 GWh | 23.1 TWh |
| 2006 | 450 TWh | 54.9 TWh | 2.18 TWh | 10.0 GWh | 21.8 TWh |
| 2007 | 440 TWh | 56.0 TWh | 4.07 TWh | 20.0 GWh | 22.0 TWh |
| 2008 | 439 TWh | 62.2 TWh | 5.69 TWh | 40.0 GWh | 21.9 TWh |
| 2009 | 410 TWh | 55.5 TWh | 7.91 TWh | 170 GWh | 20.5 TWh |
| 2010 | 429 TWh | 61.2 TWh | 9.94 TWh | 620 GWh | 23.8 TWh |
| 2011 | 442 TWh | 45.7 TWh | 12.4 TWh | 2.33 TWh | 29.5 TWh |
| 2012 | 425 TWh | 59.8 TWh | 15.2 TWh | 4.43 TWh | 22.8 TWh |
| 2013 | 424 TWh | 71.9 TWh | 16.1 TWh | 5.19 TWh | 18.4 TWh |
| 2014 | 436 TWh | 63.8 TWh | 17.3 TWh | 6.39 TWh | 13.2 TWh |
| 2015 | 437 TWh | 55.6 TWh | 21.4 TWh | 7.75 TWh | 21.1 TWh |
| 2016 | 403 TWh | 60.8 TWh | 21.4 TWh | 8.66 TWh | 35.0 TWh |
| 2017 | 398 TWh | 50.0 TWh | 24.6 TWh | 8.87 TWh | 40.5 TWh |
| 2018 | 413 TWh | 65.1 TWh | 28.6 TWh | 11.2 TWh | 30.6 TWh |
| 2019 | 399 TWh | 56.9 TWh | 34.7 TWh | 12.0 TWh | 39.2 TWh |
| 2020 | 354 TWh | 62.5 TWh | 40.1 TWh | 13.1 TWh | 35.3 TWh |
| 2021 | 379 TWh | 59.5 TWh | 37.1 TWh | 15.3 TWh | 33.3 TWh |
| 2022 | 295 TWh | 45.5 TWh | 38.2 TWh | 19.3 TWh | 45.7 TWh |
| 2023 | 338 TWh | 55.9 TWh | 50.5 TWh | 22.6 TWh | 30.0 TWh |
| 2024 | 380 TWh | 71.1 TWh | 45.4 TWh | 25.1 TWh | 18.1 TWh |
| 2025 | 392 TWh | 59.4 TWh | 46.5 TWh | 32.0 TWh | 17.2 TWh |
| Year | Generation | Demand | Carbon intensity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 570 TWh | 476 TWh | 41 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 562 TWh | 472 TWh | 40 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 519 TWh | 468 TWh | 53 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 468 TWh | 483 TWh | 79 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 550 TWh | 505 TWh | 60 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 527 TWh | 482 TWh | 59 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 566 TWh | 508 TWh | 60 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 576 TWh | 513 TWh | 60 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 556 TWh | 516 TWh | 78 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 559 TWh | 517 TWh | 69 gCO2/kWh |
Full year by year history for France, 1990 to 2025
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.
Month by Month
Ember monthly statistics through August 2026Monthly statistics through August 2026, TWh
| Month | Demand | Generation |
|---|---|---|
| 2024-09 | 30.4 TWh | 38.1 TWh |
| 2024-10 | 33.5 TWh | 41.5 TWh |
| 2024-11 | 38.4 TWh | 45.8 TWh |
| 2024-12 | 44.9 TWh | 51.5 TWh |
| 2025-01 | 48.9 TWh | 55.5 TWh |
| 2025-02 | 41.5 TWh | 46.2 TWh |
| 2025-03 | 40.1 TWh | 45.9 TWh |
| 2025-04 | 32.5 TWh | 38.5 TWh |
| 2025-05 | 30.2 TWh | 37.5 TWh |
| 2025-06 | 31.0 TWh | 37.9 TWh |
| 2025-07 | 32.0 TWh | 40.9 TWh |
| 2025-08 | 30.3 TWh | 38.9 TWh |
| 2025-09 | 30.7 TWh | 39.4 TWh |
| 2025-10 | 34.2 TWh | 42.9 TWh |
| 2025-11 | 39.1 TWh | 48.1 TWh |
| 2025-12 | 44.2 TWh | 54.8 TWh |
| 2026-01 | 49.0 TWh | 55.4 TWh |
| 2026-02 | 39.0 TWh | 47.4 TWh |
| 2026-03 | 38.7 TWh | 48.2 TWh |
| 2026-04 | 32.5 TWh | 41.5 TWh |
| 2026-05 | 31.3 TWh | 41.0 TWh |
| 2026-06 | 32.1 TWh | 40.2 TWh |
| 2026-07 | 33.7 TWh | 42.3 TWh |
| 2026-08 | 31.3 TWh | 38.1 TWh |
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of August 2026.
France Electricity FAQ
What is the main source of electricity in France?
Nuclear was the largest source of electricity in France in 2025, supplying 68.8% of generation, followed by hydro (10.4%) and wind (8.2%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.
How much electricity does France use?
France used 476 TWh of electricity in 2025, about 7.15 MWh per person.
How clean is France's electricity?
Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in France emitted 41 gCO2/kWh in 2025, and low carbon sources supplied 94.9% of generation. That is 91% below the world average of 459 gCO2/kWh.
Does France import electricity?
No. France was a net exporter in 2025, exporting 93.8 TWh more than it imported.