Indonesia Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions
Indonesia generated 528 TWh of electricity in 2025, according to Ember. Coal was the largest source at 69.4%, followed by gas (11.6%) and hydro (6.7%). Demand was 529 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 705 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2025; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.
Key Facts
- Indonesia generated 528 TWh of electricity in 2025.
- Coal supplied 69.4% of Indonesia's electricity in 2025.
- Gas supplied 11.6% of Indonesia's electricity in 2025.
- Hydro supplied 6.7% of Indonesia's electricity in 2025.
- Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 15.8% of Indonesia's generation in 2025.
- The carbon intensity of Indonesia's electricity was 705 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
- Indonesia's carbon intensity in 2025 was 12% higher than in 2000, when it was 631 gCO2/kWh.
- Indonesia had the 9th highest electricity demand among the 96 countries with Ember data for 2025.
Key Figures, 2025
| Measure | Value | As of / source |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 528 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Electricity demand | 529 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Net imports | 960 GWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Carbon intensity | 705 gCO2/kWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Power sector emissions | 373 MtCO2 | 2025 · Ember |
| Demand rank (countries with 2025 data) | 9 of 96 | 2025 · Ember |
Generation Mix, 2025
| Source | Generation | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Coal | 366 TWh | 69.4% |
| Gas | 61.3 TWh | 11.6% |
| Hydro | 35.6 TWh | 6.7% |
| Bioenergy | 28.2 TWh | 5.3% |
| Other renewables | 17.8 TWh | 3.4% |
| Other fossil | 16.9 TWh | 3.2% |
| Solar | 1.59 TWh | 0.3% |
| Wind | 380 GWh | 0.1% |
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Year by Year
Ember annual statistics, 2000 to 2025| Year | Coal | Gas | Hydro | Bioenergy | Other renewables |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 34.0 TWh | 31.9 TWh | 10.0 TWh | 4.28 TWh | 5.30 TWh |
| 2001 | 37.7 TWh | 33.1 TWh | 11.7 TWh | 4.58 TWh | 5.96 TWh |
| 2002 | 42.9 TWh | 29.3 TWh | 9.93 TWh | 4.70 TWh | 6.37 TWh |
| 2003 | 46.5 TWh | 28.0 TWh | 9.10 TWh | 4.80 TWh | 5.92 TWh |
| 2004 | 48.2 TWh | 26.8 TWh | 9.67 TWh | 5.01 TWh | 6.29 TWh |
| 2005 | 51.8 TWh | 21.7 TWh | 10.7 TWh | 5.33 TWh | 6.60 TWh |
| 2006 | 58.7 TWh | 24.0 TWh | 9.62 TWh | 4.90 TWh | 6.66 TWh |
| 2007 | 63.9 TWh | 24.8 TWh | 11.3 TWh | 5.98 TWh | 7.02 TWh |
| 2008 | 61.5 TWh | 27.8 TWh | 11.5 TWh | 6.50 TWh | 8.31 TWh |
| 2009 | 65.9 TWh | 40.4 TWh | 11.4 TWh | 6.11 TWh | 9.30 TWh |
| 2010 | 68.5 TWh | 38.8 TWh | 17.5 TWh | 7.81 TWh | 9.36 TWh |
| 2011 | 81.1 TWh | 39.2 TWh | 12.4 TWh | 8.65 TWh | 9.39 TWh |
| 2012 | 102 TWh | 48.9 TWh | 12.8 TWh | 8.87 TWh | 9.44 TWh |
| 2013 | 111 TWh | 58.1 TWh | 16.9 TWh | 9.14 TWh | 9.43 TWh |
| 2014 | 120 TWh | 60.5 TWh | 15.2 TWh | 9.18 TWh | 10.1 TWh |
| 2015 | 125 TWh | 54.1 TWh | 13.7 TWh | 9.75 TWh | 10.1 TWh |
| 2016 | 135 TWh | 61.8 TWh | 18.7 TWh | 10.2 TWh | 10.7 TWh |
| 2017 | 148 TWh | 55.8 TWh | 18.6 TWh | 11.5 TWh | 13.1 TWh |
| 2018 | 160 TWh | 57.5 TWh | 21.6 TWh | 12.1 TWh | 14.3 TWh |
| 2019 | 174 TWh | 62.3 TWh | 21.2 TWh | 12.2 TWh | 14.1 TWh |
| 2020 | 181 TWh | 51.3 TWh | 24.3 TWh | 12.4 TWh | 15.6 TWh |
| 2021 | 190 TWh | 56.5 TWh | 24.7 TWh | 15.0 TWh | 15.9 TWh |
| 2022 | 205 TWh | 56.7 TWh | 27.3 TWh | 20.6 TWh | 16.7 TWh |
| 2023 | 217 TWh | 62.0 TWh | 24.6 TWh | 22.5 TWh | 16.9 TWh |
| 2024 | 228 TWh | 68.8 TWh | 27.3 TWh | 21.3 TWh | 16.8 TWh |
| 2025 | 366 TWh | 61.3 TWh | 35.6 TWh | 28.2 TWh | 17.8 TWh |
| Year | Generation | Demand | Carbon intensity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 528 TWh | 529 TWh | 705 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 372 TWh | 373 TWh | 681 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 351 TWh | 351 TWh | 681 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 334 TWh | 334 TWh | 676 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 309 TWh | 310 TWh | 685 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 292 TWh | 293 TWh | 685 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 295 TWh | 297 TWh | 694 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 284 TWh | 285 TWh | 684 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 266 TWh | 267 TWh | 689 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 258 TWh | 258 TWh | 689 gCO2/kWh |
Full year by year history for Indonesia, 2000 to 2025
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.
Countries With a Similar Electricity Mix
Ember annual, 2025Indonesia's closest match is the Philippines, 82.7% the same.
- Philippines 82.7% the same The Philippines generates 10.7 points less coal than Indonesia
- India 80.1% the same India generates 9.3 points less gas than Indonesia
- Serbia 79.9% the same Serbia generates 15.4 points more hydro than Indonesia
- Morocco 79.0% the same Morocco generates 15.1 points more wind than Indonesia
- Kazakhstan 77.5% the same Kazakhstan generates 15.5 points more gas than Indonesia
How close: the share of generation that would have to change fuel for one mix to match the other (half the sum of the fuel share differences); 100% minus that is "the same". Grids under 1 TWh are skipped. Grid twins: the 25 closest pairs and every country's nearest match
Indonesia Electricity FAQ
What is the main source of electricity in Indonesia?
Coal was the largest source of electricity in Indonesia in 2025, supplying 69.4% of generation, followed by gas (11.6%) and hydro (6.7%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.
How much electricity does Indonesia use?
Indonesia used 529 TWh of electricity in 2025.
How clean is Indonesia's electricity?
Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in Indonesia emitted 705 gCO2/kWh in 2025, and low carbon sources supplied 15.8% of generation. That is 53% above the world average of 460 gCO2/kWh.
Does Indonesia import electricity?
Yes. Indonesia imported 960 GWh more electricity than it exported in 2025.
Related
Cite this page
World Power Monitor. (2025). Indonesia Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions. https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/indonesia/
World Power Monitor. Indonesia Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions. Data as of 2025. Data from Ember. https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/indonesia/
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year = {2025},
note = {Data as of 2025. Data from Ember.},
url = {https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/indonesia/}
} Permalink: https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/indonesia/
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