Luxembourg Imports 75.5% of Its Electricity, the Highest Share in 2025
Luxembourg was the country most reliant on imports in 2025: net imports of 4.93 TWh were 75.5% of its own demand. Moldova (47.3%), Malta (31.6%) and Estonia (30.6%) follow. 48 countries with at least 1 TWh of demand were net importers in 2025.
Top 20, 2025
Imports and exports| Country | Imports as share of demand | Net imports |
|---|---|---|
| 1. 🇱🇺 Luxembourg | 75.5% | 4.93 TWh |
| 2. 🇲🇩 Moldova | 47.3% | 2.61 TWh |
| 3. 🇲🇹 Malta | 31.6% | 1.03 TWh |
| 4. 🇪🇪 Estonia | 30.6% | 2.71 TWh |
| 5. 🇲🇪 Montenegro | 29.8% | 1.03 TWh |
| 6. 🇱🇹 Lithuania | 28.9% | 3.60 TWh |
| 7. 🇭🇷 Croatia | 26.6% | 5.32 TWh |
| 8. 🇲🇳 Mongolia | 22.5% | 2.83 TWh |
| 9. 🇽🇰 Kosovo | 21.3% | 1.59 TWh |
| 10. 🇰🇬 Kyrgyzstan | 21.3% | 3.48 TWh |
| 11. 🇰🇭 Cambodia | 20.7% | 4.63 TWh |
| 12. 🇺🇾 Uruguay | 18.8% | 2.78 TWh |
| 13. 🇱🇻 Latvia | 18.3% | 1.40 TWh |
| 14. 🇭🇺 Hungary | 18.3% | 9.00 TWh |
| 15. 🇩🇰 Denmark | 17.2% | 7.41 TWh |
| 16. 🇮🇪 Ireland | 16.4% | 6.13 TWh |
| 17. 🇧🇪 Belgium | 15.7% | 13.4 TWh |
| 18. 🇹🇭 Thailand | 15.5% | 36.9 TWh |
| 19. 🇵🇹 Portugal | 15.4% | 9.29 TWh |
| 20. 🇮🇹 Italy | 15.0% | 46.9 TWh |
Countries with a net imports figure and at least 1 TWh of demand in 2025; smaller systems are left out so a village sized grid does not top the list. Net imports are what a country brings in over its borders minus what it sends out. A share above zero means the country was a net importer that year.
How the Leaders Got Here
2010 to 2025| Year | Luxembourg | Moldova | Malta | Estonia | Montenegro |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 55.6% | 0.5% | 0.0% | -33.4% | 0.0% |
| 2011 | 62.9% | 10.4% | 0.0% | -38.2% | 37.1% |
| 2012 | 59.8% | 12.8% | 0.0% | -23.0% | 29.8% |
| 2013 | 72.9% | 24.5% | 0.0% | -37.0% | -9.4% |
| 2014 | 71.9% | 12.0% | 0.0% | -28.4% | 7.6% |
| 2015 | 80.7% | 0.3% | 44.7% | -10.0% | 14.8% |
| 2016 | 88.9% | 0.0% | 64.0% | -20.1% | 8.7% |
| 2017 | 87.3% | 18.6% | 34.3% | -26.2% | 31.1% |
| 2018 | 86.5% | 15.1% | 23.9% | -18.1% | -5.6% |
| 2019 | 84.6% | 10.1% | 23.6% | 22.1% | 6.8% |
| 2020 | 81.7% | 2.7% | 16.3% | 37.4% | 2.3% |
| 2021 | 82.3% | 2.3% | 18.7% | 26.8% | -4.7% |
| 2022 | 82.0% | 13.6% | 21.8% | 10.2% | -4.1% |
| 2023 | 78.7% | 1.2% | 20.9% | 36.5% | -26.2% |
| 2024 | 77.7% | -0.2% | 30.7% | 31.8% | -4.7% |
| 2025 | 75.5% | 47.3% | 31.6% | 30.6% | 29.8% |
Key Facts
- Luxembourg had net imports equal to 75.5% of its demand in 2025 (4.93 TWh).
- Moldova was second at 47.3%.
- The fifth country on the list, Montenegro, was at 29.8%.
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025. Annual statistics from Ember.
Related
Cite this page
World Power Monitor. (2025). Countries Most Dependent on Imported Electricity, 2025. https://worldpowermonitor.com/records/most-import-dependent/
World Power Monitor. Countries Most Dependent on Imported Electricity, 2025. Data as of 2025. Data from Ember. https://worldpowermonitor.com/records/most-import-dependent/
@misc{wpm_records_most_import_dependent_2025,
title = {{Countries Most Dependent on Imported Electricity, 2025}},
author = {{World Power Monitor}},
year = {2025},
note = {Data as of 2025. Data from Ember.},
url = {https://worldpowermonitor.com/records/most-import-dependent/}
} Permalink: https://worldpowermonitor.com/records/most-import-dependent/
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