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Built 2026-09-19 (19 September 2026)

Kazakhstan Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions

Kazakhstan generated 124 TWh of electricity in 2025, according to Ember. Coal was the largest source at 58.3%, followed by gas (27.1%) and hydro (8.4%). Demand was 126 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 813 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2025, with monthly figures through March 2026; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.

Key Facts

  • Kazakhstan generated 124 TWh of electricity in 2025.
  • Coal supplied 58.3% of Kazakhstan's electricity in 2025.
  • Gas supplied 27.1% of Kazakhstan's electricity in 2025.
  • Hydro supplied 8.4% of Kazakhstan's electricity in 2025.
  • Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 14.2% of Kazakhstan's generation in 2025.
  • The carbon intensity of Kazakhstan's electricity was 813 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
  • Kazakhstan's carbon intensity in 2025 was 3% lower than in 1985, when it was 841 gCO2/kWh.
  • Kazakhstan had the 29th highest electricity demand among the 93 countries with Ember data for 2025.

Key Figures, 2025

MeasureValueAs of / source
Total generation124 TWh2025 · Ember
Electricity demand126 TWh2025 · Ember
Demand per person6.05 MWh2025 · Ember
Net imports1.14 TWh2025 · Ember
Carbon intensity813 gCO2/kWh2025 · Ember
Power sector emissions101 MtCO22025 · Ember
Demand rank (countries with 2025 data)29 of 932025 · Ember

Generation Mix, 2025

SourceGenerationShare
Coal 72.5 TWh 58.3%
Gas 33.7 TWh 27.1%
Hydro 10.4 TWh 8.4%
Wind 5.08 TWh 4.1%
Solar 2.08 TWh 1.7%
Other fossil 530 GWh 0.4%

Year by Year

Ember annual statistics, 1985 to 2025
Kazakhstan electricity generation by source, 1985 to 2025 Kazakhstan's electricity generation by main source from 1985 to 2025, in TWh. In 2025 the largest sources were coal at 72.5 TWh, gas at 33.7 TWh, hydro at 10.4 TWh, wind at 5.08 TWh, solar at 2.08 TWh. 0 20 40 60 80 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Kazakhstan's electricity generation by main source from 1985 to 2025, in TWh. In 2025 the largest sources were coal at 72.5 TWh, gas at 33.7 TWh, hydro at 10.4 TWh, wind at 5.08 TWh, solar at 2.08 TWh.
Annual statistics through 2025, TWh
Kazakhstan electricity generation by source, 1985 to 2025
YearCoalGasHydroWindSolar
198559.1 TWh8.69 TWh5.21 TWhn/an/a
198662.4 TWh9.17 TWh4.78 TWhn/an/a
198764.3 TWh9.45 TWh5.73 TWhn/an/a
198863.2 TWh9.30 TWh6.99 TWhn/an/a
198963.9 TWh9.40 TWh7.29 TWhn/an/a
199062.1 TWh9.14 TWh7.37 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199162.1 TWh8.64 TWh7.20 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199259.8 TWh8.74 TWh6.87 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199355.3 TWh7.76 TWh7.63 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199447.1 TWh5.35 TWh9.18 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199548.0 TWh5.45 TWh8.33 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199642.3 TWh4.76 TWh7.33 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199737.2 TWh4.23 TWh6.50 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199835.9 TWh4.07 TWh6.14 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
199934.1 TWh4.10 TWh6.13 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
200035.9 TWh5.52 TWh7.53 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
200139.1 TWh5.89 TWh8.08 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
200240.1 TWh6.23 TWh8.89 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
200345.8 TWh6.82 TWh8.62 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
200450.6 TWh7.15 TWh8.06 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
200550.2 TWh7.26 TWh7.86 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
200649.3 TWh8.00 TWh7.77 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
200756.3 TWh5.05 TWh8.17 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
200861.6 TWh8.21 TWh7.46 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
200958.1 TWh12.9 TWh6.88 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
201066.7 TWh7.35 TWh8.02 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
201170.2 TWh7.94 TWh7.88 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
201267.6 TWh14.6 TWh7.64 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
201369.0 TWh15.3 TWh7.73 TWh0 TWh0 TWh
201468.2 TWh16.9 TWh8.26 TWh10.0 GWh0 TWh
201564.5 TWh15.9 TWh9.27 TWh130 GWh50.0 GWh
201662.8 TWh17.3 TWh11.6 TWh280 GWh90.0 GWh
201770.6 TWh19.9 TWh11.2 TWh340 GWh90.0 GWh
201875.8 TWh19.7 TWh10.4 TWh380 GWh140 GWh
201975.0 TWh19.6 TWh9.99 TWh710 GWh390 GWh
202073.7 TWh22.2 TWh9.66 TWh1.03 TWh1.24 TWh
202173.3 TWh25.7 TWh9.21 TWh1.75 TWh1.63 TWh
202272.3 TWh27.2 TWh9.20 TWh2.31 TWh1.77 TWh
202369.0 TWh29.6 TWh8.80 TWh3.78 TWh1.87 TWh
202469.4 TWh31.1 TWh11.3 TWh4.45 TWh1.89 TWh
202572.5 TWh33.7 TWh10.4 TWh5.08 TWh2.08 TWh
YearGenerationDemandCarbon intensity
2025 124 TWh 126 TWh 813 gCO2/kWh
2024 119 TWh 121 TWh 806 gCO2/kWh
2023 114 TWh 116 TWh 825 gCO2/kWh
2022 113 TWh 115 TWh 832 gCO2/kWh
2021 115 TWh 115 TWh 831 gCO2/kWh
2020 109 TWh 108 TWh 835 gCO2/kWh
2019 106 TWh 106 TWh 839 gCO2/kWh
2018 107 TWh 104 TWh 840 gCO2/kWh
2017 103 TWh 98.8 TWh 831 gCO2/kWh
2016 94.6 TWh 93.4 TWh 813 gCO2/kWh

Full year by year history for Kazakhstan, 1985 to 2025

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.

Month by Month

Ember monthly statistics through March 2026
Kazakhstan monthly electricity demand and generation, April 2024 to March 2026 Kazakhstan's electricity demand in March 2026 was 11.3 TWh, and generation from the sources Ember reports was 11.3 TWh. Carbon intensity that month was 822 gCO2/kWh. 0 4 8 11 15 2024-042024-102025-042025-10
Kazakhstan's electricity demand in March 2026 was 11.3 TWh, and generation from the sources Ember reports was 11.3 TWh. Carbon intensity that month was 822 gCO2/kWh.
Monthly statistics through March 2026, TWh
Kazakhstan monthly electricity demand and generation, April 2024 to March 2026
MonthDemandGeneration
2024-049.60 TWh9.60 TWh
2024-059.50 TWh9.50 TWh
2024-068.73 TWh8.73 TWh
2024-079.04 TWh9.04 TWh
2024-089.04 TWh9.04 TWh
2024-098.46 TWh8.46 TWh
2024-109.80 TWh9.80 TWh
2024-1110.2 TWh10.2 TWh
2024-1211.2 TWh11.2 TWh
2025-0111.6 TWh11.6 TWh
2025-0210.5 TWh10.5 TWh
2025-0311.4 TWh11.5 TWh
2025-049.71 TWh9.71 TWh
2025-059.81 TWh9.80 TWh
2025-069.22 TWh9.23 TWh
2025-079.50 TWh9.51 TWh
2025-089.36 TWh9.36 TWh
2025-098.84 TWh8.84 TWh
2025-1010.2 TWh10.2 TWh
2025-1111.0 TWh10.9 TWh
2025-1212.0 TWh12.0 TWh
2026-0111.9 TWh11.9 TWh
2026-0210.6 TWh10.6 TWh
2026-0311.3 TWh11.3 TWh

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of March 2026.

Kazakhstan Electricity FAQ

What is the main source of electricity in Kazakhstan?

Coal was the largest source of electricity in Kazakhstan in 2025, supplying 58.3% of generation, followed by gas (27.1%) and hydro (8.4%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.

How much electricity does Kazakhstan use?

Kazakhstan used 126 TWh of electricity in 2025, about 6.05 MWh per person.

How clean is Kazakhstan's electricity?

Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in Kazakhstan emitted 813 gCO2/kWh in 2025, and low carbon sources supplied 14.2% of generation. That is 77% above the world average of 459 gCO2/kWh.

Does Kazakhstan import electricity?

Yes. Kazakhstan imported 1.14 TWh more electricity than it exported in 2025.