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Data as of 2025
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Built 2026-09-19 (19 September 2026)

France Electricity History, 1990 to 2025

France generated 416 TWh of electricity in 1990 and 570 TWh in 2025. France's electricity demand peaked at 532 TWh in 2010. The carbon intensity of France's electricity went from 104 gCO2/kWh in 1990 to 41 gCO2/kWh in 2025. Figures are Ember annual statistics; Ember's series for France starts in 1990.

Key Facts

  • France generated 416 TWh of electricity in 1990 and 570 TWh in 2025.
  • France's electricity demand peaked at 532 TWh in 2010.
  • The carbon intensity of France's electricity went from 104 gCO2/kWh in 1990 to 41 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
  • France's lowest carbon intensity on record was 40 gCO2/kWh, in 2024.
  • Wind's share of France's electricity went from 0.0% in 1990 to 8.2% in 2025, the largest change of any source.

Generation and Demand

1990 to 2025, TWh
France electricity generation and demand, 1990 to 2025 France generated 416 TWh of electricity in 1990 and 570 TWh in 2025. 0 150 300 450 600 19901995200020052010201520202025
France generated 416 TWh of electricity in 1990 and 570 TWh in 2025.
Annual statistics through 2025, TWh
France electricity generation and demand, 1990 to 2025
YearGenerationDemand
1990416 TWh371 TWh
1991450 TWh397 TWh
1992459 TWh405 TWh
1993468 TWh407 TWh
1994473 TWh410 TWh
1995489 TWh420 TWh
1996508 TWh439 TWh
1997499 TWh434 TWh
1998506 TWh448 TWh
1999520 TWh456 TWh
2000533 TWh463 TWh
2001543 TWh474 TWh
2002551 TWh474 TWh
2003559 TWh493 TWh
2004566 TWh504 TWh
2005569 TWh509 TWh
2006567 TWh504 TWh
2007562 TWh505 TWh
2008567 TWh519 TWh
2009529 TWh503 TWh
2010562 TWh532 TWh
2011568 TWh511 TWh
2012568 TWh523 TWh
2013577 TWh528 TWh
2014566 TWh499 TWh
2015574 TWh510 TWh
2016559 TWh517 TWh
2017556 TWh516 TWh
2018576 TWh513 TWh
2019566 TWh508 TWh
2020527 TWh482 TWh
2021550 TWh505 TWh
2022468 TWh483 TWh
2023519 TWh468 TWh
2024562 TWh472 TWh
2025570 TWh476 TWh

Carbon Intensity

gCO2 per kWh generated
France carbon intensity of electricity, 1990 to 2025 The carbon intensity of France's electricity went from 104 gCO2/kWh in 1990 to 41 gCO2/kWh in 2025. 0 38 75 113 150 19901995200020052010201520202025
The carbon intensity of France's electricity went from 104 gCO2/kWh in 1990 to 41 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
Annual statistics through 2025
France carbon intensity of electricity, 1990 to 2025
YearCarbon intensity
1990104 gCO2/kWh
1991122 gCO2/kWh
1992102 gCO2/kWh
199369 gCO2/kWh
199467 gCO2/kWh
199573 gCO2/kWh
199679 gCO2/kWh
199771 gCO2/kWh
199897 gCO2/kWh
199987 gCO2/kWh
200080 gCO2/kWh
200169 gCO2/kWh
200275 gCO2/kWh
200381 gCO2/kWh
200477 gCO2/kWh
200586 gCO2/kWh
200677 gCO2/kWh
200780 gCO2/kWh
200876 gCO2/kWh
200976 gCO2/kWh
201079 gCO2/kWh
201175 gCO2/kWh
201278 gCO2/kWh
201376 gCO2/kWh
201452 gCO2/kWh
201559 gCO2/kWh
201669 gCO2/kWh
201778 gCO2/kWh
201860 gCO2/kWh
201960 gCO2/kWh
202059 gCO2/kWh
202160 gCO2/kWh
202279 gCO2/kWh
202353 gCO2/kWh
202440 gCO2/kWh
202541 gCO2/kWh

Every Year

YearGenerationDemandNet importsCarbon intensityLow carbon share
2025 570 TWh 476 TWh -93.8 TWh 41 gCO2/kWh 94.9%
2024 562 TWh 472 TWh -90.0 TWh 40 gCO2/kWh 94.9%
2023 519 TWh 468 TWh -50.5 TWh 53 gCO2/kWh 92.1%
2022 468 TWh 483 TWh 14.9 TWh 79 gCO2/kWh 87.1%
2021 550 TWh 505 TWh -44.9 TWh 60 gCO2/kWh 91.1%
2020 527 TWh 482 TWh -45.0 TWh 59 gCO2/kWh 90.8%
2019 566 TWh 508 TWh -57.7 TWh 60 gCO2/kWh 90.5%
2018 576 TWh 513 TWh -63.0 TWh 60 gCO2/kWh 91.4%
2017 556 TWh 516 TWh -40.1 TWh 78 gCO2/kWh 88.2%
2016 559 TWh 517 TWh -41.5 TWh 69 gCO2/kWh 89.9%
2015 574 TWh 510 TWh -64.1 TWh 59 gCO2/kWh 92.2%
2014 566 TWh 499 TWh -67.2 TWh 52 gCO2/kWh 93.7%
2013 577 TWh 528 TWh -48.5 TWh 76 gCO2/kWh 90.7%
2012 568 TWh 523 TWh -44.5 TWh 78 gCO2/kWh 90.0%
2011 568 TWh 511 TWh -56.4 TWh 75 gCO2/kWh 89.6%
2010 562 TWh 532 TWh -30.7 TWh 79 gCO2/kWh 89.8%
2009 529 TWh 503 TWh -25.9 TWh 76 gCO2/kWh 90.4%
2008 567 TWh 519 TWh -48.0 TWh 76 gCO2/kWh 90.3%
2007 562 TWh 505 TWh -56.8 TWh 80 gCO2/kWh 89.7%
2006 567 TWh 504 TWh -63.3 TWh 77 gCO2/kWh 90.1%
2005 569 TWh 509 TWh -60.3 TWh 86 gCO2/kWh 89.0%
2004 566 TWh 504 TWh -61.9 TWh 77 gCO2/kWh 90.2%
2003 559 TWh 493 TWh -66.4 TWh 81 gCO2/kWh 89.9%
2002 551 TWh 474 TWh -77.0 TWh 75 gCO2/kWh 90.6%
2001 543 TWh 474 TWh -68.4 TWh 69 gCO2/kWh 91.6%
2000 533 TWh 463 TWh -69.5 TWh 80 gCO2/kWh 90.7%
1999 520 TWh 456 TWh -63.1 TWh 87 gCO2/kWh 90.1%
1998 506 TWh 448 TWh -57.6 TWh 97 gCO2/kWh 89.2%
1997 499 TWh 434 TWh -65.4 TWh 71 gCO2/kWh 92.2%
1996 508 TWh 439 TWh -68.8 TWh 79 gCO2/kWh 91.5%
1995 489 TWh 420 TWh -69.8 TWh 73 gCO2/kWh 92.1%
1994 473 TWh 410 TWh -63.2 TWh 67 gCO2/kWh 92.9%
1993 468 TWh 407 TWh -61.4 TWh 69 gCO2/kWh 92.6%
1992 459 TWh 405 TWh -53.8 TWh 102 gCO2/kWh 89.0%
1991 450 TWh 397 TWh -52.9 TWh 122 gCO2/kWh 86.6%
1990 416 TWh 371 TWh -45.4 TWh 104 gCO2/kWh 88.6%

Share of Generation by Source

Percent of total generation
YearCoalGasOther fossilNuclearHydroWindSolarBioenergyOther renewables
20250.3%3.0%1.8%68.8%10.4%8.2%5.6%1.8%0.1%
20240.2%3.2%1.7%67.7%12.7%8.1%4.5%1.9%0.1%
20230.3%5.8%1.8%65.2%10.8%9.7%4.4%1.9%0.1%
20220.9%9.8%2.2%62.9%9.7%8.2%4.1%2.1%0.1%
20211.0%6.1%1.8%68.9%10.8%6.7%2.8%1.7%0.1%
20200.6%6.7%1.9%67.1%11.9%7.6%2.5%1.7%0.1%
20190.6%6.9%1.9%70.6%10.1%6.1%2.1%1.5%0.1%
20181.4%5.3%1.8%71.7%11.3%5.0%1.9%1.5%0.1%
20172.3%7.3%2.2%71.7%9.0%4.4%1.6%1.4%0.1%
20161.8%6.3%2.1%72.2%10.9%3.8%1.6%1.4%0.1%
20152.1%3.7%2.1%76.2%9.7%3.7%1.4%1.1%0.1%
20142.0%2.3%2.0%77.1%11.3%3.1%1.1%1.1%0.1%
20134.1%3.2%2.0%73.5%12.5%2.8%0.9%1.0%0.1%
20123.8%4.0%2.2%75.0%10.5%2.7%0.8%0.9%0.1%
20113.1%5.2%2.2%77.9%8.1%2.2%0.4%0.9%0.1%
20104.2%4.2%1.8%76.2%10.9%1.8%0.1%0.8%0.1%
20094.1%3.9%1.7%77.5%10.5%1.5%0.0%0.8%0.1%
20084.1%3.9%1.8%77.5%11.0%1.0%0.0%0.7%0.1%
20074.4%3.9%2.0%78.3%10.0%0.7%0.0%0.7%0.1%
20064.0%3.8%2.0%79.4%9.7%0.4%0.0%0.6%0.1%
20054.8%4.1%2.1%79.3%8.8%0.2%0.0%0.6%0.1%
20044.3%3.7%1.8%79.2%10.3%0.1%0.0%0.6%0.1%
20034.7%3.5%2.0%78.9%10.3%0.1%0.0%0.6%0.1%
20024.3%3.3%1.8%79.2%10.7%0.1%0.0%0.6%0.1%
20013.8%2.8%1.8%77.6%13.4%0.0%0.0%0.5%0.1%
20005.1%2.2%2.1%78.0%12.2%0.0%0.0%0.5%0.1%
19995.6%1.5%2.8%75.9%13.6%0.0%0.0%0.5%0.1%
19986.6%1.0%3.2%76.7%12.0%0.0%0.0%0.4%0.1%
19974.4%1.0%2.4%79.2%12.4%0.0%0.0%0.4%0.1%
19965.5%0.8%2.2%78.3%12.7%0.0%0.0%0.4%0.1%
19954.9%0.8%2.1%77.1%14.6%0.0%0.0%0.4%0.1%
19944.4%0.8%1.9%76.1%16.3%0.0%0.0%0.4%0.1%
19934.5%0.8%2.2%78.7%13.5%0.0%0.0%0.3%0.1%
19927.5%0.7%2.9%73.8%14.7%0.0%0.0%0.4%0.1%
19918.8%0.7%4.0%73.6%12.5%0.0%0.0%0.4%0.1%
19907.6%0.7%3.1%75.5%12.7%0.0%0.0%0.3%0.1%

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.