Bulgaria Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions
Bulgaria generated 38.1 TWh of electricity in 2025, according to Ember. Nuclear was the largest source at 39.0%, followed by coal (22.6%) and solar (18.2%). Demand was 36.8 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 275 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2025, with monthly figures through August 2026; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.
Key Facts
- Bulgaria generated 38.1 TWh of electricity in 2025.
- Nuclear supplied 39.0% of Bulgaria's electricity in 2025.
- Coal supplied 22.6% of Bulgaria's electricity in 2025.
- Solar supplied 18.2% of Bulgaria's electricity in 2025.
- Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 71.9% of Bulgaria's generation in 2025.
- The carbon intensity of Bulgaria's electricity was 275 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
- Bulgaria's carbon intensity in 2025 was 51% lower than in 1990, when it was 559 gCO2/kWh.
- Bulgaria had the 58th highest electricity demand among the 93 countries with Ember data for 2025.
Key Figures, 2025
| Measure | Value | As of / source |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 38.1 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Electricity demand | 36.8 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Demand per person | 5.46 MWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Net imports | -1.32 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Carbon intensity | 275 gCO2/kWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Power sector emissions | 10.5 MtCO2 | 2025 · Ember |
| Demand rank (countries with 2025 data) | 58 of 93 | 2025 · Ember |
Generation Mix, 2025
Year by Year
Ember annual statistics, 1990 to 2025| Year | Nuclear | Coal | Solar | Hydro | Gas |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 14.7 TWh | 21.0 TWh | 0 TWh | 1.63 TWh | 3.19 TWh |
| 1991 | 13.2 TWh | 20.8 TWh | 0 TWh | 2.27 TWh | 2.88 TWh |
| 1992 | 11.6 TWh | 17.8 TWh | 0 TWh | 1.90 TWh | 2.77 TWh |
| 1993 | 14.0 TWh | 17.2 TWh | 0 TWh | 1.79 TWh | 3.04 TWh |
| 1994 | 15.3 TWh | 16.9 TWh | 0 TWh | 1.30 TWh | 2.56 TWh |
| 1995 | 17.3 TWh | 17.3 TWh | 0 TWh | 2.17 TWh | 3.21 TWh |
| 1996 | 18.1 TWh | 17.2 TWh | 0 TWh | 2.89 TWh | 2.98 TWh |
| 1997 | 17.8 TWh | 18.9 TWh | 0 TWh | 2.72 TWh | 1.88 TWh |
| 1998 | 16.9 TWh | 18.3 TWh | 0 TWh | 3.07 TWh | 2.01 TWh |
| 1999 | 15.8 TWh | 16.3 TWh | 0 TWh | 2.73 TWh | 2.01 TWh |
| 2000 | 18.2 TWh | 16.9 TWh | 0 TWh | 2.63 TWh | 1.91 TWh |
| 2001 | 19.6 TWh | 19.5 TWh | 0 TWh | 1.65 TWh | 1.91 TWh |
| 2002 | 20.2 TWh | 17.2 TWh | 0 TWh | 2.12 TWh | 1.54 TWh |
| 2003 | 17.3 TWh | 19.2 TWh | 0 TWh | 2.99 TWh | 1.76 TWh |
| 2004 | 16.8 TWh | 18.9 TWh | 0 TWh | 3.14 TWh | 1.49 TWh |
| 2005 | 18.7 TWh | 18.5 TWh | 0 TWh | 4.30 TWh | 1.73 TWh |
| 2006 | 19.5 TWh | 19.1 TWh | 0 TWh | 4.21 TWh | 2.16 TWh |
| 2007 | 14.6 TWh | 22.4 TWh | 0 TWh | 2.83 TWh | 2.34 TWh |
| 2008 | 15.8 TWh | 23.2 TWh | 0 TWh | 2.79 TWh | 2.36 TWh |
| 2009 | 15.3 TWh | 21.1 TWh | 0 TWh | 3.43 TWh | 1.96 TWh |
| 2010 | 15.3 TWh | 22.6 TWh | 10.0 GWh | 5.03 TWh | 1.97 TWh |
| 2011 | 16.3 TWh | 27.5 TWh | 100 GWh | 2.87 TWh | 2.08 TWh |
| 2012 | 15.8 TWh | 22.9 TWh | 780 GWh | 3.18 TWh | 2.36 TWh |
| 2013 | 14.2 TWh | 19.4 TWh | 1.39 TWh | 4.04 TWh | 2.34 TWh |
| 2014 | 15.9 TWh | 21.3 TWh | 1.26 TWh | 4.60 TWh | 2.14 TWh |
| 2015 | 15.4 TWh | 22.5 TWh | 1.38 TWh | 5.65 TWh | 1.86 TWh |
| 2016 | 15.8 TWh | 19.4 TWh | 1.39 TWh | 3.88 TWh | 2.05 TWh |
| 2017 | 15.6 TWh | 20.9 TWh | 1.40 TWh | 2.83 TWh | 1.93 TWh |
| 2018 | 16.1 TWh | 18.7 TWh | 1.34 TWh | 5.15 TWh | 2.02 TWh |
| 2019 | 16.6 TWh | 17.2 TWh | 1.42 TWh | 2.93 TWh | 2.15 TWh |
| 2020 | 16.6 TWh | 13.5 TWh | 1.47 TWh | 2.82 TWh | 2.29 TWh |
| 2021 | 16.5 TWh | 17.1 TWh | 1.47 TWh | 4.82 TWh | 3.05 TWh |
| 2022 | 16.5 TWh | 21.8 TWh | 2.09 TWh | 3.80 TWh | 2.05 TWh |
| 2023 | 16.2 TWh | 11.7 TWh | 3.52 TWh | 3.08 TWh | 1.94 TWh |
| 2024 | 15.8 TWh | 8.76 TWh | 5.49 TWh | 2.79 TWh | 2.04 TWh |
| 2025 | 14.9 TWh | 8.58 TWh | 6.93 TWh | 2.54 TWh | 1.86 TWh |
| Year | Generation | Demand | Carbon intensity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 38.1 TWh | 36.8 TWh | 275 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 38.3 TWh | 37.3 TWh | 279 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 40.1 TWh | 36.8 TWh | 338 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 50.3 TWh | 38.1 TWh | 476 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 47.2 TWh | 38.4 TWh | 415 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 40.1 TWh | 36.7 TWh | 384 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 43.7 TWh | 37.9 TWh | 439 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 46.5 TWh | 38.7 TWh | 443 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 44.8 TWh | 39.4 TWh | 503 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 44.5 TWh | 38.2 TWh | 472 gCO2/kWh |
Full year by year history for Bulgaria, 1990 to 2025
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.
Month by Month
Ember monthly statistics through August 2026| Month | Demand | Generation |
|---|---|---|
| 2024-09 | 2.34 TWh | 2.92 TWh |
| 2024-10 | 2.61 TWh | 2.67 TWh |
| 2024-11 | 3.24 TWh | 2.70 TWh |
| 2024-12 | 3.54 TWh | 3.44 TWh |
| 2025-01 | 3.67 TWh | 3.80 TWh |
| 2025-02 | 3.56 TWh | 3.78 TWh |
| 2025-03 | 2.96 TWh | 3.19 TWh |
| 2025-04 | 2.71 TWh | 3.04 TWh |
| 2025-05 | 2.43 TWh | 2.38 TWh |
| 2025-06 | 2.46 TWh | 2.82 TWh |
| 2025-07 | 2.79 TWh | 3.02 TWh |
| 2025-08 | 2.59 TWh | 2.91 TWh |
| 2025-09 | 2.41 TWh | 2.72 TWh |
| 2025-10 | 2.84 TWh | 2.91 TWh |
| 2025-11 | 3.03 TWh | 2.52 TWh |
| 2025-12 | 3.60 TWh | 3.35 TWh |
| 2026-01 | 4.04 TWh | 3.77 TWh |
| 2026-02 | 3.51 TWh | 3.24 TWh |
| 2026-03 | 3.34 TWh | 3.46 TWh |
| 2026-04 | 2.81 TWh | 3.22 TWh |
| 2026-05 | 2.59 TWh | 2.86 TWh |
| 2026-06 | 2.49 TWh | 2.96 TWh |
| 2026-07 | 2.69 TWh | 3.52 TWh |
| 2026-08 | 2.74 TWh | 3.57 TWh |
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of August 2026.
Bulgaria Electricity FAQ
What is the main source of electricity in Bulgaria?
Nuclear was the largest source of electricity in Bulgaria in 2025, supplying 39.0% of generation, followed by coal (22.6%) and solar (18.2%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.
How much electricity does Bulgaria use?
Bulgaria used 36.8 TWh of electricity in 2025, about 5.46 MWh per person.
How clean is Bulgaria's electricity?
Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in Bulgaria emitted 275 gCO2/kWh in 2025, and low carbon sources supplied 71.9% of generation. That is 40% below the world average of 459 gCO2/kWh.
Does Bulgaria import electricity?
No. Bulgaria was a net exporter in 2025, exporting 1.32 TWh more than it imported.