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Built 2026-11-05 (5 November 2026)

Bulgaria Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions

Bulgaria generated 38.1 TWh of electricity in 2025, according to Ember. Nuclear was the largest source at 39.0%, followed by coal (22.6%) and solar (18.2%). Demand was 36.8 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 275 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2025, with monthly figures through October 2026; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.

Key Facts

  • Bulgaria generated 38.1 TWh of electricity in 2025.
  • Nuclear supplied 39.0% of Bulgaria's electricity in 2025.
  • Coal supplied 22.6% of Bulgaria's electricity in 2025.
  • Solar supplied 18.2% of Bulgaria's electricity in 2025.
  • Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 71.9% of Bulgaria's generation in 2025.
  • The carbon intensity of Bulgaria's electricity was 275 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
  • Bulgaria's carbon intensity in 2025 was 51% lower than in 1990, when it was 559 gCO2/kWh.
  • Bulgaria had the 61st highest electricity demand among the 96 countries with Ember data for 2025.

Key Figures, 2025

MeasureValueAs of / source
Total generation38.1 TWh2025 · Ember
Electricity demand36.8 TWh2025 · Ember
Demand per person5.46 MWh2025 · Ember
Net imports-1.32 TWh2025 · Ember
Carbon intensity275 gCO2/kWh2025 · Ember
Power sector emissions10.5 MtCO22025 · Ember
Demand rank (countries with 2025 data)61 of 962025 · Ember

Generation Mix, 2025

SourceGenerationShare
Nuclear 14.9 TWh 39.0%
Coal 8.58 TWh 22.6%
Solar 6.93 TWh 18.2%
Hydro 2.54 TWh 6.7%
Gas 1.86 TWh 4.9%
Bioenergy 1.68 TWh 4.4%
Wind 1.34 TWh 3.5%
Other fossil 260 GWh 0.7%
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Year by Year

Ember annual statistics, 1990 to 2025
Bulgaria electricity generation by source, 1990 to 2025 Bulgaria's electricity generation by main source from 1990 to 2025, in TWh. In 2025 the largest sources were nuclear at 14.9 TWh, coal at 8.58 TWh, solar at 6.93 TWh, hydro at 2.54 TWh, gas at 1.86 TWh. 0 8 15 23 30 19901995200020052010201520202025
Bulgaria's electricity generation by main source from 1990 to 2025, in TWh. In 2025 the largest sources were nuclear at 14.9 TWh, coal at 8.58 TWh, solar at 6.93 TWh, hydro at 2.54 TWh, gas at 1.86 TWh.
Annual statistics through 2025, TWh
Bulgaria electricity generation by source, 1990 to 2025
YearNuclearCoalSolarHydroGas
199014.7 TWh21.0 TWh0 TWh1.63 TWh3.19 TWh
199113.2 TWh20.8 TWh0 TWh2.27 TWh2.88 TWh
199211.6 TWh17.8 TWh0 TWh1.90 TWh2.77 TWh
199314.0 TWh17.2 TWh0 TWh1.79 TWh3.04 TWh
199415.3 TWh16.9 TWh0 TWh1.30 TWh2.56 TWh
199517.3 TWh17.3 TWh0 TWh2.17 TWh3.21 TWh
199618.1 TWh17.2 TWh0 TWh2.89 TWh2.98 TWh
199717.8 TWh18.9 TWh0 TWh2.72 TWh1.88 TWh
199816.9 TWh18.3 TWh0 TWh3.07 TWh2.01 TWh
199915.8 TWh16.3 TWh0 TWh2.73 TWh2.01 TWh
200018.2 TWh16.9 TWh0 TWh2.63 TWh1.91 TWh
200119.6 TWh19.5 TWh0 TWh1.65 TWh1.91 TWh
200220.2 TWh17.2 TWh0 TWh2.12 TWh1.54 TWh
200317.3 TWh19.2 TWh0 TWh2.99 TWh1.76 TWh
200416.8 TWh18.9 TWh0 TWh3.14 TWh1.49 TWh
200518.7 TWh18.5 TWh0 TWh4.30 TWh1.73 TWh
200619.5 TWh19.1 TWh0 TWh4.21 TWh2.16 TWh
200714.6 TWh22.4 TWh0 TWh2.83 TWh2.34 TWh
200815.8 TWh23.2 TWh0 TWh2.79 TWh2.36 TWh
200915.3 TWh21.1 TWh0 TWh3.43 TWh1.96 TWh
201015.3 TWh22.6 TWh10.0 GWh5.03 TWh1.97 TWh
201116.3 TWh27.5 TWh100 GWh2.87 TWh2.08 TWh
201215.8 TWh22.9 TWh780 GWh3.18 TWh2.36 TWh
201314.2 TWh19.4 TWh1.39 TWh4.04 TWh2.34 TWh
201415.9 TWh21.3 TWh1.26 TWh4.60 TWh2.14 TWh
201515.4 TWh22.5 TWh1.38 TWh5.65 TWh1.86 TWh
201615.8 TWh19.4 TWh1.39 TWh3.88 TWh2.05 TWh
201715.6 TWh20.9 TWh1.40 TWh2.83 TWh1.93 TWh
201816.1 TWh18.7 TWh1.34 TWh5.15 TWh2.02 TWh
201916.6 TWh17.2 TWh1.42 TWh2.93 TWh2.15 TWh
202016.6 TWh13.5 TWh1.47 TWh2.82 TWh2.29 TWh
202116.5 TWh17.1 TWh1.47 TWh4.82 TWh3.05 TWh
202216.5 TWh21.8 TWh2.09 TWh3.80 TWh2.05 TWh
202316.2 TWh11.7 TWh3.52 TWh3.08 TWh1.94 TWh
202415.8 TWh8.76 TWh5.49 TWh2.79 TWh2.04 TWh
202514.9 TWh8.58 TWh6.93 TWh2.54 TWh1.86 TWh
YearGenerationDemandCarbon intensity
2025 38.1 TWh 36.8 TWh 275 gCO2/kWh
2024 38.3 TWh 37.3 TWh 279 gCO2/kWh
2023 40.1 TWh 36.8 TWh 338 gCO2/kWh
2022 50.3 TWh 38.1 TWh 476 gCO2/kWh
2021 47.2 TWh 38.4 TWh 415 gCO2/kWh
2020 40.1 TWh 36.7 TWh 384 gCO2/kWh
2019 43.7 TWh 37.9 TWh 439 gCO2/kWh
2018 46.5 TWh 38.7 TWh 443 gCO2/kWh
2017 44.8 TWh 39.4 TWh 503 gCO2/kWh
2016 44.5 TWh 38.2 TWh 472 gCO2/kWh

Full year by year history for Bulgaria, 1990 to 2025

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.

Month by Month

Ember monthly statistics through October 2026
Bulgaria monthly electricity demand and generation, November 2024 to October 2026 Bulgaria's electricity demand in October 2026 was 2.86 TWh, and generation from the sources Ember reports was 3.13 TWh. Carbon intensity that month was 419 gCO2/kWh. 0 1 3 4 5 2024-112025-052025-112026-05
Bulgaria's electricity demand in October 2026 was 2.86 TWh, and generation from the sources Ember reports was 3.13 TWh. Carbon intensity that month was 419 gCO2/kWh.
Monthly statistics through October 2026, TWh
Bulgaria monthly electricity demand and generation, November 2024 to October 2026
MonthDemandGeneration
2024-113.24 TWh2.70 TWh
2024-123.54 TWh3.44 TWh
2025-013.67 TWh3.80 TWh
2025-023.56 TWh3.78 TWh
2025-032.96 TWh3.19 TWh
2025-042.71 TWh3.04 TWh
2025-052.43 TWh2.38 TWh
2025-062.46 TWh2.82 TWh
2025-072.79 TWh3.02 TWh
2025-082.59 TWh2.91 TWh
2025-092.41 TWh2.72 TWh
2025-102.96 TWh2.91 TWh
2025-113.03 TWh2.52 TWh
2025-123.60 TWh3.35 TWh
2026-014.04 TWh3.77 TWh
2026-023.51 TWh3.24 TWh
2026-033.34 TWh3.46 TWh
2026-042.81 TWh3.22 TWh
2026-052.59 TWh2.86 TWh
2026-062.49 TWh2.96 TWh
2026-072.69 TWh3.52 TWh
2026-082.74 TWh3.57 TWh
2026-092.51 TWh3.44 TWh
2026-102.86 TWh3.13 TWh

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of October 2026.

Seasonal Patterns in Bulgaria

Ember monthly statistics, complete years only, through October 2026

Electricity demand by month

Look for the brightest columns. Averaged over 2016 to 2025, demand is highest in January and lowest in May, and the busiest month uses 49% more electricity per day than the quietest.

Bulgaria's electricity demand for each month, in TWh, 2016 to 2025. Colour shows demand per day, so short months are not shaded as quiet.
Year JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2025 3.67 3.56 2.96 2.71 2.43 2.46 2.79 2.59 2.41 2.96 3.03 3.60
2024 4.00 3.21 3.19 2.61 2.56 2.61 2.96 2.84 2.34 2.61 3.24 3.54
2023 3.74 3.50 3.30 2.89 2.65 2.48 2.90 2.81 2.59 2.68 3.16 3.72
2022 4.04 3.45 3.84 2.99 2.80 2.75 2.93 2.87 2.58 2.76 3.18 3.64
2021 3.73 3.29 3.55 3.15 2.64 2.69 2.95 2.97 2.79 3.18 3.32 3.82
2020 3.97 3.48 3.33 2.80 2.57 2.56 2.84 2.80 2.66 2.82 3.26 3.57
2019 4.10 3.47 3.25 2.98 2.80 2.71 2.93 2.94 2.74 2.91 3.14 3.66
2018 3.93 3.52 3.54 2.63 2.71 2.81 2.91 2.96 2.79 3.06 3.46 4.03
2017 4.54 3.64 3.36 3.01 2.86 2.82 3.02 3.00 2.83 3.08 3.42 3.72
2016 4.07 3.26 3.23 2.69 2.67 2.65 2.85 2.85 2.74 3.10 3.44 4.35
  • Lower demand per day
  • Higher demand per day
  • No data
  • Each cell shows the month's total demand in TWh, and colour compares demand per day so short months are not shaded as quiet. Lowest cell 2.34 TWh, highest 4.54 TWh. Colours are relative to Bulgaria alone.

Low carbon share of generation by month

Look for the brightest columns. Averaged over 2016 to 2025, the low carbon share is highest in June (68%) and lowest in October (48%), a gap of 20.0 points.

Share of Bulgaria's electricity generation from nuclear and renewable sources for each month, in percent, 2016 to 2025.
Year JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2025 54% 54% 70% 75% 76% 79% 77% 80% 80% 69% 56% 61%
2024 59% 66% 70% 78% 76% 78% 67% 72% 72% 69% 52% 56%
2023 48% 50% 58% 62% 63% 79% 72% 71% 66% 55% 55% 57%
2022 46% 45% 46% 49% 44% 55% 52% 53% 48% 40% 44% 43%
2021 57% 59% 57% 52% 53% 71% 59% 54% 47% 33% 45% 47%
2020 51% 51% 57% 57% 61% 69% 64% 62% 56% 47% 55% 53%
2019 43% 48% 54% 56% 47% 66% 57% 56% 50% 39% 51% 51%
2018 49% 51% 57% 65% 53% 58% 60% 57% 46% 40% 46% 45%
2017 43% 45% 52% 51% 42% 57% 55% 53% 43% 39% 46% 50%
2016 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 42%
  • Lower low carbon share
  • Higher low carbon share
  • No data
  • Each cell shows the low carbon share. Lowest cell 33%, highest 80%. Colours are relative to Bulgaria alone.

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of October 2026. Complete calendar years only.

Countries With a Similar Electricity Mix

Ember annual, 2025

Bulgaria's closest match is Czechia, 80.0% the same, and the match goes both ways, so they are grid twins.

  1. Czechia 80.0% the same · grid twin Czechia generates 12.6 points more coal than Bulgaria
  2. Ukraine 78.5% the same Ukraine generates 16.7 points more nuclear than Bulgaria
  3. Slovenia 77.4% the same Slovenia generates 20.8 points more hydro than Bulgaria
  4. Hungary 72.7% the same Hungary generates 19.2 points less coal than Bulgaria
  5. South Korea 68.0% the same South Korea generates 23.1 points more gas than Bulgaria

How close: the share of generation that would have to change fuel for one mix to match the other (half the sum of the fuel share differences); 100% minus that is "the same". Grids under 1 TWh are skipped. Grid twins: the 25 closest pairs and every country's nearest match

Bulgaria Electricity FAQ

What is the main source of electricity in Bulgaria?

Nuclear was the largest source of electricity in Bulgaria in 2025, supplying 39.0% of generation, followed by coal (22.6%) and solar (18.2%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.

How much electricity does Bulgaria use?

Bulgaria used 36.8 TWh of electricity in 2025, about 5.46 MWh per person.

How clean is Bulgaria's electricity?

Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in Bulgaria emitted 275 gCO2/kWh in 2025, and low carbon sources supplied 71.9% of generation. That is 40% below the world average of 460 gCO2/kWh.

Does Bulgaria import electricity?

No. Bulgaria was a net exporter in 2025, exporting 1.32 TWh more than it imported.

When does Bulgaria use the most electricity?

Averaged over 2016 to 2025, Bulgaria's electricity demand is highest in January and lowest in May. The busiest month uses 49% more electricity per day than the quietest (Ember monthly data).

Cite this page
APA 7

World Power Monitor. (2026). Bulgaria Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions. https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/bulgaria/

Plain text

World Power Monitor. Bulgaria Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions. Data as of 2026-10. Data from Ember. https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/bulgaria/

BibTeX 
@misc{wpm_countries_bulgaria_2026,
  title = {{Bulgaria Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions}},
  author = {{World Power Monitor}},
  year = {2026},
  note = {Data as of 2026-10. Data from Ember.},
  url = {https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/bulgaria/}
}

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