Romania vs Serbia: Electricity Compared
Romania generated 49.9 TWh of electricity in 2025 and Serbia 36.7 TWh, according to Ember. Romania's largest source was hydro (24.2%); Serbia's was coal (65.0%). Each kWh generated emitted 259 gCO2/kWh in Romania and 696 gCO2/kWh in Serbia. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.
Why this comparison: neighbours by land border or interconnector.
Key Facts
- Coal supplied 65.0% of Serbia's electricity in 2025, against 15.1% in Romania.
- Serbia's electricity was 2.7 times as carbon intensive as Romania's in 2025, at 696 gCO2/kWh against 259 gCO2/kWh.
- Electricity demand rose 4% in Serbia between 2020 and 2025, while it fell 8% in Romania.
- The average person in Serbia used 5.68 MWh of electricity in 2025, 2.0 times as much as in Romania (2.84 MWh).
- Low carbon sources supplied 67.6% of Romania's electricity in 2025 and 27.8% of Serbia's.
- Electricity demand in 2025 was 53.6 TWh in Romania and 38.0 TWh in Serbia.
Key Figures, 2025
Ember annual statistics| Measure | Romania | Serbia |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 49.9 TWh | 36.7 TWh |
| Electricity demand | 53.6 TWh | 38.0 TWh |
| Demand per person | 2.84 MWh | 5.68 MWh |
| Carbon intensity | 259 gCO2/kWh | 696 gCO2/kWh |
| Power sector emissions | 12.9 MtCO2 | 25.5 MtCO2 |
| Low carbon share | 67.6% | 27.8% |
| Largest source | Hydro 24.2% | Coal 65.0% |
Generation Mix, 2025
Share of generationCarbon Intensity, 1990 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh
| Year | Romania | Serbia |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 584 gCO2/kWh | 787 gCO2/kWh |
| 1991 | 531 gCO2/kWh | 724 gCO2/kWh |
| 1992 | 588 gCO2/kWh | 734 gCO2/kWh |
| 1993 | 589 gCO2/kWh | 738 gCO2/kWh |
| 1994 | 592 gCO2/kWh | 720 gCO2/kWh |
| 1995 | 565 gCO2/kWh | 701 gCO2/kWh |
| 1996 | 560 gCO2/kWh | 649 gCO2/kWh |
| 1997 | 480 gCO2/kWh | 704 gCO2/kWh |
| 1998 | 436 gCO2/kWh | 713 gCO2/kWh |
| 1999 | 441 gCO2/kWh | 646 gCO2/kWh |
| 2000 | 514 gCO2/kWh | 700 gCO2/kWh |
| 2001 | 525 gCO2/kWh | 702 gCO2/kWh |
| 2002 | 515 gCO2/kWh | 708 gCO2/kWh |
| 2003 | 574 gCO2/kWh | 750 gCO2/kWh |
| 2004 | 518 gCO2/kWh | 720 gCO2/kWh |
| 2005 | 490 gCO2/kWh | 687 gCO2/kWh |
| 2006 | 530 gCO2/kWh | 724 gCO2/kWh |
| 2007 | 530 gCO2/kWh | 742 gCO2/kWh |
| 2008 | 498 gCO2/kWh | 750 gCO2/kWh |
| 2009 | 470 gCO2/kWh | 734 gCO2/kWh |
| 2010 | 425 gCO2/kWh | 693 gCO2/kWh |
| 2011 | 491 gCO2/kWh | 780 gCO2/kWh |
| 2012 | 487 gCO2/kWh | 752 gCO2/kWh |
| 2013 | 390 gCO2/kWh | 752 gCO2/kWh |
| 2014 | 357 gCO2/kWh | 684 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 369 gCO2/kWh | 744 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 345 gCO2/kWh | 730 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 369 gCO2/kWh | 753 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 348 gCO2/kWh | 710 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 329 gCO2/kWh | 721 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 278 gCO2/kWh | 736 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 290 gCO2/kWh | 666 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 298 gCO2/kWh | 711 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 243 gCO2/kWh | 639 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 260 gCO2/kWh | 668 gCO2/kWh |
| 2025 | 259 gCO2/kWh | 696 gCO2/kWh |
Demand per Person, 1990 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, MWh
| Year | Romania | Serbia |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | n/a | n/a |
| 1991 | n/a | n/a |
| 1992 | n/a | n/a |
| 1993 | n/a | n/a |
| 1994 | n/a | n/a |
| 1995 | n/a | n/a |
| 1996 | n/a | n/a |
| 1997 | n/a | n/a |
| 1998 | n/a | n/a |
| 1999 | n/a | n/a |
| 2000 | 2.31 MWh | 4.54 MWh |
| 2001 | 2.38 MWh | 4.78 MWh |
| 2002 | 2.37 MWh | 4.95 MWh |
| 2003 | 2.44 MWh | 4.88 MWh |
| 2004 | 2.58 MWh | 4.88 MWh |
| 2005 | 2.66 MWh | 4.50 MWh |
| 2006 | 2.77 MWh | 4.67 MWh |
| 2007 | 2.85 MWh | 4.80 MWh |
| 2008 | 2.93 MWh | 4.95 MWh |
| 2009 | 2.69 MWh | 4.89 MWh |
| 2010 | 2.85 MWh | 5.02 MWh |
| 2011 | 2.95 MWh | 5.12 MWh |
| 2012 | 2.92 MWh | 4.99 MWh |
| 2013 | 2.80 MWh | 5.04 MWh |
| 2014 | 2.89 MWh | 4.84 MWh |
| 2015 | 2.97 MWh | 5.11 MWh |
| 2016 | 2.99 MWh | 5.15 MWh |
| 2017 | 3.08 MWh | 5.27 MWh |
| 2018 | 3.14 MWh | 5.24 MWh |
| 2019 | 3.09 MWh | 5.30 MWh |
| 2020 | 2.99 MWh | 5.29 MWh |
| 2021 | 3.16 MWh | 5.58 MWh |
| 2022 | 2.92 MWh | 5.54 MWh |
| 2023 | 2.82 MWh | 5.48 MWh |
| 2024 | 2.93 MWh | 5.56 MWh |
| 2025 | 2.84 MWh | 5.68 MWh |
Romania history · Serbia history
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.