North Macedonia vs Serbia: Electricity Compared
North Macedonia generated 7.10 TWh of electricity in 2025 and Serbia 36.7 TWh, according to Ember. North Macedonia's largest source was solar (31.1%); Serbia's was coal (65.0%). Each kWh generated emitted 407 gCO2/kWh in North Macedonia and 696 gCO2/kWh in Serbia. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.
Why this comparison: neighbours by land border or interconnector.
Key Facts
- Coal supplied 65.0% of Serbia's electricity in 2025, against 29.2% in North Macedonia.
- Serbia's electricity was 1.7 times as carbon intensive as North Macedonia's in 2025, at 696 gCO2/kWh against 407 gCO2/kWh.
- Low carbon sources supplied 53.1% of North Macedonia's electricity in 2025 and 27.8% of Serbia's.
- Electricity demand in 2025 was 8.48 TWh in North Macedonia and 38.0 TWh in Serbia.
Key Figures, 2025
Ember annual statistics| Measure | North Macedonia | Serbia |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 7.10 TWh | 36.7 TWh |
| Electricity demand | 8.48 TWh | 38.0 TWh |
| Demand per person | 4.68 MWh | 5.68 MWh |
| Carbon intensity | 407 gCO2/kWh | 696 gCO2/kWh |
| Power sector emissions | 2.89 MtCO2 | 25.5 MtCO2 |
| Low carbon share | 53.1% | 27.8% |
| Largest source | Solar 31.1% | Coal 65.0% |
Generation Mix, 2025
Share of generationCarbon Intensity, 1990 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh
| Year | North Macedonia | Serbia |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 925 gCO2/kWh | 787 gCO2/kWh |
| 1991 | 866 gCO2/kWh | 724 gCO2/kWh |
| 1992 | 873 gCO2/kWh | 734 gCO2/kWh |
| 1993 | 910 gCO2/kWh | 738 gCO2/kWh |
| 1994 | 898 gCO2/kWh | 720 gCO2/kWh |
| 1995 | 884 gCO2/kWh | 701 gCO2/kWh |
| 1996 | 885 gCO2/kWh | 649 gCO2/kWh |
| 1997 | 879 gCO2/kWh | 704 gCO2/kWh |
| 1998 | 861 gCO2/kWh | 713 gCO2/kWh |
| 1999 | 813 gCO2/kWh | 646 gCO2/kWh |
| 2000 | 823 gCO2/kWh | 700 gCO2/kWh |
| 2001 | 908 gCO2/kWh | 702 gCO2/kWh |
| 2002 | 879 gCO2/kWh | 708 gCO2/kWh |
| 2003 | 813 gCO2/kWh | 750 gCO2/kWh |
| 2004 | 794 gCO2/kWh | 720 gCO2/kWh |
| 2005 | 802 gCO2/kWh | 687 gCO2/kWh |
| 2006 | 769 gCO2/kWh | 724 gCO2/kWh |
| 2007 | 835 gCO2/kWh | 742 gCO2/kWh |
| 2008 | 873 gCO2/kWh | 750 gCO2/kWh |
| 2009 | 818 gCO2/kWh | 734 gCO2/kWh |
| 2010 | 678 gCO2/kWh | 693 gCO2/kWh |
| 2011 | 795 gCO2/kWh | 780 gCO2/kWh |
| 2012 | 820 gCO2/kWh | 752 gCO2/kWh |
| 2013 | 719 gCO2/kWh | 752 gCO2/kWh |
| 2014 | 748 gCO2/kWh | 684 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 634 gCO2/kWh | 744 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 592 gCO2/kWh | 730 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 705 gCO2/kWh | 753 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 597 gCO2/kWh | 710 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 701 gCO2/kWh | 721 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 624 gCO2/kWh | 736 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 565 gCO2/kWh | 666 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 626 gCO2/kWh | 711 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 567 gCO2/kWh | 639 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 512 gCO2/kWh | 668 gCO2/kWh |
| 2025 | 407 gCO2/kWh | 696 gCO2/kWh |
Demand per Person, 1990 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, MWh
| Year | North Macedonia | Serbia |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | n/a | n/a |
| 1991 | n/a | n/a |
| 1992 | n/a | n/a |
| 1993 | n/a | n/a |
| 1994 | n/a | n/a |
| 1995 | n/a | n/a |
| 1996 | n/a | n/a |
| 1997 | n/a | n/a |
| 1998 | n/a | n/a |
| 1999 | n/a | n/a |
| 2000 | 3.36 MWh | 4.54 MWh |
| 2001 | 3.29 MWh | 4.78 MWh |
| 2002 | 3.32 MWh | 4.95 MWh |
| 2003 | 3.69 MWh | 4.88 MWh |
| 2004 | 3.76 MWh | 4.88 MWh |
| 2005 | 4.09 MWh | 4.50 MWh |
| 2006 | 4.21 MWh | 4.67 MWh |
| 2007 | 4.32 MWh | 4.80 MWh |
| 2008 | 4.37 MWh | 4.95 MWh |
| 2009 | 4.01 MWh | 4.89 MWh |
| 2010 | 4.23 MWh | 5.02 MWh |
| 2011 | 4.63 MWh | 5.12 MWh |
| 2012 | 4.41 MWh | 4.99 MWh |
| 2013 | 4.23 MWh | 5.04 MWh |
| 2014 | 4.18 MWh | 4.84 MWh |
| 2015 | 4.12 MWh | 5.11 MWh |
| 2016 | 3.91 MWh | 5.15 MWh |
| 2017 | 3.91 MWh | 5.27 MWh |
| 2018 | 3.92 MWh | 5.24 MWh |
| 2019 | 4.06 MWh | 5.30 MWh |
| 2020 | 4.10 MWh | 5.29 MWh |
| 2021 | 4.33 MWh | 5.58 MWh |
| 2022 | 3.99 MWh | 5.54 MWh |
| 2023 | 3.85 MWh | 5.48 MWh |
| 2024 | 3.85 MWh | 5.56 MWh |
| 2025 | 4.68 MWh | 5.68 MWh |
North Macedonia history · Serbia history
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.