Poland vs Slovakia: Electricity Compared
Poland generated 172 TWh of electricity in 2025 and Slovakia 29.1 TWh, according to Ember. Poland's largest source was coal (50.6%); Slovakia's was nuclear (66.4%). Each kWh generated emitted 591 gCO2/kWh in Poland and 95 gCO2/kWh in Slovakia. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.
Why this comparison: neighbours by land border or interconnector.
Key Facts
- Nuclear supplied 66.4% of Slovakia's electricity in 2025, against none in Poland.
- Poland's electricity was 6.2 times as carbon intensive as Slovakia's in 2025, at 591 gCO2/kWh against 95 gCO2/kWh.
- Low carbon sources supplied 31.2% of Poland's electricity in 2025 and 85.2% of Slovakia's.
- Electricity demand in 2025 was 173 TWh in Poland and 26.7 TWh in Slovakia.
Key Figures, 2025
Ember annual statistics| Measure | Poland | Slovakia |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 172 TWh | 29.1 TWh |
| Electricity demand | 173 TWh | 26.7 TWh |
| Demand per person | 4.55 MWh | 4.88 MWh |
| Carbon intensity | 591 gCO2/kWh | 95 gCO2/kWh |
| Power sector emissions | 102 MtCO2 | 2.76 MtCO2 |
| Low carbon share | 31.2% | 85.2% |
| Largest source | Coal 50.6% | Nuclear 66.4% |
Generation Mix, 2025
Share of generation| Source | Poland | Slovakia |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclear | 0.0% | 66.4% |
| Coal | 50.6% | 1.1% |
| Gas | 14.4% | 11.3% |
| Wind | 13.9% | 0.0% |
| Solar | 11.3% | 2.4% |
| Hydro | 1.0% | 10.9% |
| Bioenergy | 4.9% | 5.4% |
| Other fossil | 3.7% | 2.5% |
| Other renewables | 0.1% | 0.0% |
Carbon Intensity, 1990 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh
| Year | Poland | Slovakia |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 967 gCO2/kWh | 387 gCO2/kWh |
| 1991 | 968 gCO2/kWh | 371 gCO2/kWh |
| 1992 | 967 gCO2/kWh | 392 gCO2/kWh |
| 1993 | 967 gCO2/kWh | 325 gCO2/kWh |
| 1994 | 964 gCO2/kWh | 273 gCO2/kWh |
| 1995 | 962 gCO2/kWh | 322 gCO2/kWh |
| 1996 | 961 gCO2/kWh | 323 gCO2/kWh |
| 1997 | 959 gCO2/kWh | 332 gCO2/kWh |
| 1998 | 957 gCO2/kWh | 322 gCO2/kWh |
| 1999 | 957 gCO2/kWh | 306 gCO2/kWh |
| 2000 | 955 gCO2/kWh | 251 gCO2/kWh |
| 2001 | 950 gCO2/kWh | 251 gCO2/kWh |
| 2002 | 946 gCO2/kWh | 225 gCO2/kWh |
| 2003 | 950 gCO2/kWh | 257 gCO2/kWh |
| 2004 | 941 gCO2/kWh | 253 gCO2/kWh |
| 2005 | 932 gCO2/kWh | 239 gCO2/kWh |
| 2006 | 932 gCO2/kWh | 231 gCO2/kWh |
| 2007 | 925 gCO2/kWh | 235 gCO2/kWh |
| 2008 | 919 gCO2/kWh | 224 gCO2/kWh |
| 2009 | 905 gCO2/kWh | 221 gCO2/kWh |
| 2010 | 893 gCO2/kWh | 205 gCO2/kWh |
| 2011 | 882 gCO2/kWh | 214 gCO2/kWh |
| 2012 | 861 gCO2/kWh | 204 gCO2/kWh |
| 2013 | 863 gCO2/kWh | 181 gCO2/kWh |
| 2014 | 844 gCO2/kWh | 173 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 826 gCO2/kWh | 178 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 819 gCO2/kWh | 177 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 806 gCO2/kWh | 184 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 809 gCO2/kWh | 191 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 772 gCO2/kWh | 171 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 738 gCO2/kWh | 159 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 756 gCO2/kWh | 167 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 733 gCO2/kWh | 142 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 651 gCO2/kWh | 115 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 608 gCO2/kWh | 97 gCO2/kWh |
| 2025 | 591 gCO2/kWh | 95 gCO2/kWh |
Demand per Person, 1990 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, MWh
| Year | Poland | Slovakia |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | n/a | n/a |
| 1991 | n/a | n/a |
| 1992 | n/a | n/a |
| 1993 | n/a | n/a |
| 1994 | n/a | n/a |
| 1995 | n/a | n/a |
| 1996 | n/a | n/a |
| 1997 | n/a | n/a |
| 1998 | n/a | n/a |
| 1999 | n/a | n/a |
| 2000 | 3.58 MWh | 5.22 MWh |
| 2001 | 3.58 MWh | 5.23 MWh |
| 2002 | 3.54 MWh | 5.21 MWh |
| 2003 | 3.66 MWh | 5.34 MWh |
| 2004 | 3.75 MWh | 5.32 MWh |
| 2005 | 3.78 MWh | 5.22 MWh |
| 2006 | 3.93 MWh | 5.38 MWh |
| 2007 | 4.03 MWh | 5.50 MWh |
| 2008 | 4.05 MWh | 5.43 MWh |
| 2009 | 3.91 MWh | 5.06 MWh |
| 2010 | 4.08 MWh | 5.29 MWh |
| 2011 | 4.13 MWh | 5.37 MWh |
| 2012 | 4.15 MWh | 5.31 MWh |
| 2013 | 4.16 MWh | 5.28 MWh |
| 2014 | 4.20 MWh | 5.21 MWh |
| 2015 | 4.29 MWh | 5.35 MWh |
| 2016 | 4.39 MWh | 5.43 MWh |
| 2017 | 4.50 MWh | 5.60 MWh |
| 2018 | 4.58 MWh | 5.57 MWh |
| 2019 | 4.55 MWh | 5.49 MWh |
| 2020 | 4.47 MWh | 5.29 MWh |
| 2021 | 4.72 MWh | 5.60 MWh |
| 2022 | 4.61 MWh | 5.11 MWh |
| 2023 | 4.37 MWh | 4.73 MWh |
| 2024 | 4.52 MWh | 4.83 MWh |
| 2025 | 4.55 MWh | 4.88 MWh |
Poland history · Slovakia history
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.