Czechia vs Portugal: Electricity Compared

Czechia generated 75.4 TWh of electricity in 2025 and Portugal 51.1 TWh, according to Ember. Czechia's largest source was nuclear (42.4%); Portugal's was hydro (29.7%). Each kWh generated emitted 401 gCO2/kWh in Czechia and 128 gCO2/kWh in Portugal. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.

Why this comparison: similar electricity demand on the same continent.

Key Facts

Nuclear supplied 42.4% of Czechia's electricity in 2025, against none in Portugal.
Czechia's electricity was 3.1 times as carbon intensive as Portugal's in 2025, at 401 gCO2/kWh against 128 gCO2/kWh.
Low carbon sources supplied 59.3% of Czechia's electricity in 2025 and 80.9% of Portugal's.
Electricity demand in 2025 was 68.0 TWh in Czechia and 60.4 TWh in Portugal.

Key Figures, 2025

Ember annual statistics

Measure	Czechia	Portugal
Total generation	75.4 TWh	51.1 TWh
Electricity demand	68.0 TWh	60.4 TWh
Demand per person	6.42 MWh	5.80 MWh
Carbon intensity	401 gCO2/kWh	128 gCO2/kWh
Power sector emissions	30.3 MtCO2	6.53 MtCO2
Low carbon share	59.3%	80.9%
Largest source	Nuclear 42.4%	Hydro 29.7%

Generation Mix, 2025

Share of generation

Source	Czechia	Portugal
Nuclear	42.4%	0.0%
Coal	35.2%	0.0%
Hydro	2.3%	29.7%
Wind	0.8%	26.8%
Solar	5.8%	17.3%
Gas	5.4%	16.5%
Bioenergy	8.0%	6.6%
Other fossil	0.2%	2.6%
Other renewables	0.0%	0.4%

Carbon Intensity, 1990 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Carbon intensity of electricity generated in Czechia and Portugal each year from 1990 to 2025, in gCO2/kWh. In 2025 it was 401 gCO2/kWh in Czechia and 128 gCO2/kWh in Portugal.

Annual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh

Carbon intensity of electricity in Czechia and Portugal, 1990 to 2025
Year	Czechia	Portugal
1990	778 gCO2/kWh	540 gCO2/kWh
1991	779 gCO2/kWh	553 gCO2/kWh
1992	767 gCO2/kWh	650 gCO2/kWh
1993	759 gCO2/kWh	582 gCO2/kWh
1994	747 gCO2/kWh	540 gCO2/kWh
1995	756 gCO2/kWh	607 gCO2/kWh
1996	749 gCO2/kWh	482 gCO2/kWh
1997	758 gCO2/kWh	513 gCO2/kWh
1998	749 gCO2/kWh	515 gCO2/kWh
1999	737 gCO2/kWh	607 gCO2/kWh
2000	767 gCO2/kWh	546 gCO2/kWh
2001	752 gCO2/kWh	507 gCO2/kWh
2002	699 gCO2/kWh	593 gCO2/kWh
2003	652 gCO2/kWh	485 gCO2/kWh
2004	640 gCO2/kWh	541 gCO2/kWh
2005	647 gCO2/kWh	596 gCO2/kWh
2006	634 gCO2/kWh	504 gCO2/kWh
2007	652 gCO2/kWh	472 gCO2/kWh
2008	628 gCO2/kWh	472 gCO2/kWh
2009	603 gCO2/kWh	453 gCO2/kWh
2010	594 gCO2/kWh	317 gCO2/kWh
2011	584 gCO2/kWh	375 gCO2/kWh
2012	553 gCO2/kWh	441 gCO2/kWh
2013	527 gCO2/kWh	340 gCO2/kWh
2014	531 gCO2/kWh	326 gCO2/kWh
2015	553 gCO2/kWh	414 gCO2/kWh
2016	574 gCO2/kWh	344 gCO2/kWh
2017	543 gCO2/kWh	434 gCO2/kWh
2018	533 gCO2/kWh	359 gCO2/kWh
2019	503 gCO2/kWh	301 gCO2/kWh
2020	460 gCO2/kWh	248 gCO2/kWh
2021	472 gCO2/kWh	211 gCO2/kWh
2022	488 gCO2/kWh	225 gCO2/kWh
2023	443 gCO2/kWh	158 gCO2/kWh
2024	414 gCO2/kWh	111 gCO2/kWh
2025	401 gCO2/kWh	128 gCO2/kWh

Demand per Person, 1990 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Electricity demand per person in Czechia and Portugal each year from 1990 to 2025, in MWh. In 2025 it was 6.42 MWh in Czechia and 5.80 MWh in Portugal.

Annual statistics through 2025, MWh

Electricity demand per person in Czechia and Portugal, 1990 to 2025
Year	Czechia	Portugal
1990	n/a	n/a
1991	n/a	n/a
1992	n/a	n/a
1993	n/a	n/a
1994	n/a	n/a
1995	n/a	n/a
1996	n/a	n/a
1997	n/a	n/a
1998	n/a	n/a
1999	n/a	n/a
2000	6.14 MWh	4.29 MWh
2001	6.32 MWh	4.47 MWh
2002	6.31 MWh	4.56 MWh
2003	6.50 MWh	4.70 MWh
2004	6.63 MWh	4.88 MWh
2005	6.74 MWh	5.03 MWh
2006	6.89 MWh	5.12 MWh
2007	6.93 MWh	5.14 MWh
2008	6.92 MWh	5.19 MWh
2009	6.53 MWh	5.12 MWh
2010	6.72 MWh	5.30 MWh
2011	6.63 MWh	5.17 MWh
2012	6.61 MWh	5.07 MWh
2013	6.57 MWh	5.08 MWh
2014	6.53 MWh	5.06 MWh
2015	6.65 MWh	5.15 MWh
2016	6.74 MWh	5.22 MWh
2017	6.90 MWh	5.32 MWh
2018	6.91 MWh	5.39 MWh
2019	6.88 MWh	5.32 MWh
2020	6.63 MWh	5.10 MWh
2021	6.89 MWh	5.19 MWh
2022	6.58 MWh	5.34 MWh
2023	6.16 MWh	5.40 MWh
2024	6.16 MWh	5.54 MWh
2025	6.42 MWh	5.80 MWh

Czechia history · Portugal history

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.

Czechia vs Portugal: Electricity Compared

Key Facts

Key Figures, 2025

Generation Mix, 2025

Carbon Intensity, 1990 to 2025

Demand per Person, 1990 to 2025

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