Belarus vs Ukraine: Electricity Compared

Belarus generated 37.2 TWh of electricity in 2022 and Ukraine 112 TWh, according to Ember. Belarus' largest source was gas (79.1%); Ukraine's was nuclear (55.8%). Each kWh generated emitted 439 gCO2/kWh in Belarus and 251 gCO2/kWh in Ukraine. These are Ember annual statistics for 2022, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.

Ember's latest annual figures for Ukraine are for 2022, while Belarus has figures to 2025, so this comparison uses 2022 for both.

Why this comparison: neighbours by land border or interconnector.

Key Facts

Gas supplied 79.1% of Belarus' electricity in 2022, against 6.4% in Ukraine.
Belarus' electricity was 1.8 times as carbon intensive as Ukraine's in 2022, at 439 gCO2/kWh against 251 gCO2/kWh.
Low carbon sources supplied 16.0% of Belarus' electricity in 2022 and 72.2% of Ukraine's.
Electricity demand in 2022 was 36.5 TWh in Belarus and 112 TWh in Ukraine.

Key Figures, 2022

Ember annual statistics

Measure	Belarus	Ukraine
Total generation	37.2 TWh	112 TWh
Electricity demand	36.5 TWh	112 TWh
Demand per person	3.98 MWh	2.72 MWh
Carbon intensity	439 gCO2/kWh	251 gCO2/kWh
Power sector emissions	16.3 MtCO2	27.9 MtCO2
Low carbon share	16.0%	72.2%
Largest source	Gas 79.1%	Nuclear 55.8%

Generation Mix, 2022

Share of generation

Source	Belarus	Ukraine
Gas	79.1%	6.4%
Nuclear	12.6%	55.8%
Coal	0.1%	20.9%
Hydro	1.0%	9.9%
Other fossil	4.9%	0.5%
Solar	0.6%	4.6%
Bioenergy	1.3%	0.7%
Wind	0.5%	1.3%

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Carbon intensity of electricity generated in Belarus and Ukraine each year from 1985 to 2025, in gCO2/kWh. In 2022 it was 439 gCO2/kWh in Belarus and 251 gCO2/kWh in Ukraine.

Annual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh

Carbon intensity of electricity in Belarus and Ukraine, 1985 to 2025
Year	Belarus	Ukraine
1985	n/a	617 gCO2/kWh
1986	n/a	649 gCO2/kWh
1987	n/a	635 gCO2/kWh
1988	n/a	579 gCO2/kWh
1989	n/a	598 gCO2/kWh
1990	n/a	576 gCO2/kWh
1991	n/a	561 gCO2/kWh
1992	n/a	565 gCO2/kWh
1993	n/a	520 gCO2/kWh
1994	n/a	505 gCO2/kWh
1995	n/a	490 gCO2/kWh
1996	n/a	429 gCO2/kWh
1997	n/a	417 gCO2/kWh
1998	n/a	395 gCO2/kWh
1999	n/a	416 gCO2/kWh
2000	518 gCO2/kWh	403 gCO2/kWh
2001	517 gCO2/kWh	409 gCO2/kWh
2002	516 gCO2/kWh	414 gCO2/kWh
2003	514 gCO2/kWh	411 gCO2/kWh
2004	515 gCO2/kWh	368 gCO2/kWh
2005	512 gCO2/kWh	375 gCO2/kWh
2006	515 gCO2/kWh	404 gCO2/kWh
2007	509 gCO2/kWh	416 gCO2/kWh
2008	512 gCO2/kWh	418 gCO2/kWh
2009	534 gCO2/kWh	410 gCO2/kWh
2010	511 gCO2/kWh	410 gCO2/kWh
2011	509 gCO2/kWh	428 gCO2/kWh
2012	510 gCO2/kWh	442 gCO2/kWh
2013	506 gCO2/kWh	449 gCO2/kWh
2014	507 gCO2/kWh	418 gCO2/kWh
2015	507 gCO2/kWh	380 gCO2/kWh
2016	506 gCO2/kWh	409 gCO2/kWh
2017	500 gCO2/kWh	347 gCO2/kWh
2018	501 gCO2/kWh	349 gCO2/kWh
2019	499 gCO2/kWh	342 gCO2/kWh
2020	499 gCO2/kWh	325 gCO2/kWh
2021	433 gCO2/kWh	279 gCO2/kWh
2022	439 gCO2/kWh	251 gCO2/kWh
2023	360 gCO2/kWh	n/a
2024	329 gCO2/kWh	n/a
2025	316 gCO2/kWh	n/a

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Electricity demand per person in Belarus and Ukraine each year from 1985 to 2025, in MWh. In 2022 it was 3.98 MWh in Belarus and 2.72 MWh in Ukraine.

Annual statistics through 2025, MWh

Electricity demand per person in Belarus and Ukraine, 1985 to 2025
Year	Belarus	Ukraine
1985	n/a	n/a
1986	n/a	n/a
1987	n/a	n/a
1988	n/a	n/a
1989	n/a	n/a
1990	n/a	n/a
1991	n/a	n/a
1992	n/a	n/a
1993	n/a	n/a
1994	n/a	n/a
1995	n/a	n/a
1996	n/a	n/a
1997	n/a	n/a
1998	n/a	n/a
1999	n/a	n/a
2000	3.33 MWh	3.39 MWh
2001	3.36 MWh	3.47 MWh
2002	3.34 MWh	3.51 MWh
2003	3.41 MWh	3.64 MWh
2004	3.54 MWh	3.69 MWh
2005	3.62 MWh	3.74 MWh
2006	3.77 MWh	3.87 MWh
2007	3.78 MWh	3.98 MWh
2008	3.87 MWh	3.97 MWh
2009	3.67 MWh	3.63 MWh
2010	3.96 MWh	3.98 MWh
2011	3.99 MWh	4.07 MWh
2012	4.06 MWh	4.06 MWh
2013	4.00 MWh	4.00 MWh
2014	4.02 MWh	3.79 MWh
2015	3.87 MWh	3.55 MWh
2016	3.85 MWh	3.53 MWh
2017	3.91 MWh	3.32 MWh
2018	4.01 MWh	3.40 MWh
2019	4.04 MWh	3.34 MWh
2020	4.07 MWh	3.25 MWh
2021	4.43 MWh	3.49 MWh
2022	3.98 MWh	2.72 MWh
2023	4.55 MWh	n/a
2024	4.99 MWh	n/a
2025	4.99 MWh	n/a

Belarus history · Ukraine history

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2022.

Belarus vs Ukraine: Electricity Compared

Key Facts

Key Figures, 2022

Generation Mix, 2022

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

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