Belarus vs Russia: Electricity Compared
Belarus generated 45.1 TWh of electricity in 2025 and Russia 1,194 TWh, according to Ember. Gas was the largest source in both, at 56.5% in Belarus and 45.6% in Russia. Each kWh generated emitted 316 gCO2/kWh in Belarus and 447 gCO2/kWh in Russia. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.
Why this comparison: neighbours by land border or interconnector.
Key Facts
- Nuclear supplied 37.6% of Belarus' electricity in 2025, against 18.3% in Russia.
- Carbon intensity rose 7% in Russia between 2020 and 2025, while it fell 37% in Belarus.
- Low carbon sources supplied 39.8% of Belarus' electricity in 2025 and 35.7% of Russia's.
- Electricity demand in 2025 was 44.6 TWh in Belarus and 1,178 TWh in Russia.
Key Figures, 2025
Ember annual statistics| Measure | Belarus | Russia |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 45.1 TWh | 1,194 TWh |
| Electricity demand | 44.6 TWh | 1,178 TWh |
| Demand per person | 4.99 MWh | 8.17 MWh |
| Carbon intensity | 316 gCO2/kWh | 447 gCO2/kWh |
| Power sector emissions | 14.3 MtCO2 | 534 MtCO2 |
| Low carbon share | 39.8% | 35.7% |
| Largest source | Gas 56.5% | Gas 45.6% |
Generation Mix, 2025
Share of generationCarbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh
| Year | Belarus | Russia |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 | n/a | 492 gCO2/kWh |
| 1986 | n/a | 492 gCO2/kWh |
| 1987 | n/a | 489 gCO2/kWh |
| 1988 | n/a | 486 gCO2/kWh |
| 1989 | n/a | 488 gCO2/kWh |
| 1990 | n/a | 496 gCO2/kWh |
| 1991 | n/a | 492 gCO2/kWh |
| 1992 | n/a | 483 gCO2/kWh |
| 1993 | n/a | 473 gCO2/kWh |
| 1994 | n/a | 481 gCO2/kWh |
| 1995 | n/a | 477 gCO2/kWh |
| 1996 | n/a | 482 gCO2/kWh |
| 1997 | n/a | 477 gCO2/kWh |
| 1998 | n/a | 482 gCO2/kWh |
| 1999 | n/a | 468 gCO2/kWh |
| 2000 | 518 gCO2/kWh | 470 gCO2/kWh |
| 2001 | 517 gCO2/kWh | 458 gCO2/kWh |
| 2002 | 516 gCO2/kWh | 463 gCO2/kWh |
| 2003 | 514 gCO2/kWh | 465 gCO2/kWh |
| 2004 | 515 gCO2/kWh | 454 gCO2/kWh |
| 2005 | 512 gCO2/kWh | 457 gCO2/kWh |
| 2006 | 515 gCO2/kWh | 463 gCO2/kWh |
| 2007 | 509 gCO2/kWh | 458 gCO2/kWh |
| 2008 | 512 gCO2/kWh | 475 gCO2/kWh |
| 2009 | 534 gCO2/kWh | 452 gCO2/kWh |
| 2010 | 511 gCO2/kWh | 458 gCO2/kWh |
| 2011 | 509 gCO2/kWh | 461 gCO2/kWh |
| 2012 | 510 gCO2/kWh | 462 gCO2/kWh |
| 2013 | 506 gCO2/kWh | 450 gCO2/kWh |
| 2014 | 507 gCO2/kWh | 449 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 507 gCO2/kWh | 444 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 506 gCO2/kWh | 443 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 500 gCO2/kWh | 440 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 501 gCO2/kWh | 439 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 499 gCO2/kWh | 440 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 499 gCO2/kWh | 418 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 433 gCO2/kWh | 427 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 439 gCO2/kWh | 443 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 360 gCO2/kWh | 447 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 329 gCO2/kWh | 444 gCO2/kWh |
| 2025 | 316 gCO2/kWh | 447 gCO2/kWh |
Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, MWh
| Year | Belarus | Russia |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 | n/a | n/a |
| 1986 | n/a | n/a |
| 1987 | n/a | n/a |
| 1988 | n/a | n/a |
| 1989 | n/a | n/a |
| 1990 | n/a | n/a |
| 1991 | n/a | n/a |
| 1992 | n/a | n/a |
| 1993 | n/a | n/a |
| 1994 | n/a | n/a |
| 1995 | n/a | n/a |
| 1996 | n/a | n/a |
| 1997 | n/a | n/a |
| 1998 | n/a | n/a |
| 1999 | n/a | n/a |
| 2000 | 3.33 MWh | 5.89 MWh |
| 2001 | 3.36 MWh | 5.99 MWh |
| 2002 | 3.34 MWh | 6.02 MWh |
| 2003 | 3.41 MWh | 6.19 MWh |
| 2004 | 3.54 MWh | 6.37 MWh |
| 2005 | 3.62 MWh | 6.51 MWh |
| 2006 | 3.77 MWh | 6.78 MWh |
| 2007 | 3.78 MWh | 6.99 MWh |
| 2008 | 3.87 MWh | 7.11 MWh |
| 2009 | 3.67 MWh | 6.80 MWh |
| 2010 | 3.96 MWh | 7.09 MWh |
| 2011 | 3.99 MWh | 7.17 MWh |
| 2012 | 4.06 MWh | 7.30 MWh |
| 2013 | 4.00 MWh | 7.23 MWh |
| 2014 | 4.02 MWh | 7.29 MWh |
| 2015 | 3.87 MWh | 7.27 MWh |
| 2016 | 3.85 MWh | 7.38 MWh |
| 2017 | 3.91 MWh | 7.39 MWh |
| 2018 | 4.01 MWh | 7.49 MWh |
| 2019 | 4.04 MWh | 7.51 MWh |
| 2020 | 4.07 MWh | 7.34 MWh |
| 2021 | 4.43 MWh | 7.79 MWh |
| 2022 | 3.98 MWh | 7.90 MWh |
| 2023 | 4.55 MWh | 7.99 MWh |
| 2024 | 4.99 MWh | 8.24 MWh |
| 2025 | 4.99 MWh | 8.17 MWh |
Belarus history · Russia history
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.