Turkey vs United Kingdom: Electricity Compared

Turkey generated 354 TWh of electricity in 2025 and the United Kingdom 295 TWh, according to Ember. Turkey's largest source was coal (34.3%); the United Kingdom's was gas (31.2%). Each kWh generated emitted 476 gCO2/kWh in Turkey and 222 gCO2/kWh in the United Kingdom. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.

Why this comparison: both among the 20 largest electricity users.

Key Facts

Coal supplied 34.3% of Turkey's electricity in 2025, against 0.6% in the United Kingdom.
Turkey's electricity was 2.1 times as carbon intensive as the United Kingdom's in 2025, at 476 gCO2/kWh against 222 gCO2/kWh.
Electricity demand rose 17% in Turkey between 2020 and 2025, while it fell 4% in the United Kingdom.
Low carbon sources supplied 43.3% of Turkey's electricity in 2025 and 63.8% of the United Kingdom's.
Electricity demand in 2025 was 352 TWh in Turkey and 313 TWh in the United Kingdom.

Key Figures, 2025

Ember annual statistics

Measure	Turkey	United Kingdom
Total generation	354 TWh	295 TWh
Electricity demand	352 TWh	313 TWh
Demand per person	4.01 MWh	4.62 MWh
Carbon intensity	476 gCO2/kWh	222 gCO2/kWh
Power sector emissions	168 MtCO2	65.5 MtCO2
Low carbon share	43.3%	63.8%
Largest source	Coal 34.3%	Gas 31.2%

Generation Mix, 2025

Share of generation

Source	Turkey	United Kingdom
Coal	34.3%	0.6%
Gas	22.1%	31.2%
Wind	11.1%	29.2%
Hydro	16.2%	1.8%
Bioenergy	2.4%	13.9%
Nuclear	0.0%	12.3%
Solar	10.5%	6.6%
Other fossil	0.3%	4.3%
Other renewables	3.0%	0.0%

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Carbon intensity of electricity generated in Turkey and the United Kingdom each year from 1985 to 2025, in gCO2/kWh. In 2025 it was 476 gCO2/kWh in Turkey and 222 gCO2/kWh in the United Kingdom.

Annual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh

Carbon intensity of electricity in Turkey and United Kingdom, 1985 to 2025
Year	Turkey	United Kingdom
1985	n/a	694 gCO2/kWh
1986	n/a	721 gCO2/kWh
1987	n/a	737 gCO2/kWh
1988	n/a	710 gCO2/kWh
1989	n/a	689 gCO2/kWh
1990	526 gCO2/kWh	705 gCO2/kWh
1991	539 gCO2/kWh	700 gCO2/kWh
1992	539 gCO2/kWh	665 gCO2/kWh
1993	481 gCO2/kWh	608 gCO2/kWh
1994	537 gCO2/kWh	589 gCO2/kWh
1995	505 gCO2/kWh	579 gCO2/kWh
1996	496 gCO2/kWh	557 gCO2/kWh
1997	519 gCO2/kWh	512 gCO2/kWh
1998	519 gCO2/kWh	510 gCO2/kWh
1999	557 gCO2/kWh	492 gCO2/kWh
2000	574 gCO2/kWh	522 gCO2/kWh
2001	605 gCO2/kWh	529 gCO2/kWh
2002	536 gCO2/kWh	521 gCO2/kWh
2003	525 gCO2/kWh	537 gCO2/kWh
2004	494 gCO2/kWh	536 gCO2/kWh
2005	544 gCO2/kWh	535 gCO2/kWh
2006	538 gCO2/kWh	559 gCO2/kWh
2007	578 gCO2/kWh	556 gCO2/kWh
2008	593 gCO2/kWh	554 gCO2/kWh
2009	577 gCO2/kWh	505 gCO2/kWh
2010	525 gCO2/kWh	517 gCO2/kWh
2011	541 gCO2/kWh	500 gCO2/kWh
2012	528 gCO2/kWh	537 gCO2/kWh
2013	510 gCO2/kWh	507 gCO2/kWh
2014	567 gCO2/kWh	463 gCO2/kWh
2015	505 gCO2/kWh	398 gCO2/kWh
2016	523 gCO2/kWh	333 gCO2/kWh
2017	535 gCO2/kWh	302 gCO2/kWh
2018	543 gCO2/kWh	286 gCO2/kWh
2019	490 gCO2/kWh	268 gCO2/kWh
2020	484 gCO2/kWh	243 gCO2/kWh
2021	502 gCO2/kWh	267 gCO2/kWh
2022	489 gCO2/kWh	255 gCO2/kWh
2023	495 gCO2/kWh	236 gCO2/kWh
2024	471 gCO2/kWh	216 gCO2/kWh
2025	476 gCO2/kWh	222 gCO2/kWh

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Electricity demand per person in Turkey and the United Kingdom each year from 1985 to 2025, in MWh. In 2025 it was 4.01 MWh in Turkey and 4.62 MWh in the United Kingdom.

Annual statistics through 2025, MWh

Electricity demand per person in Turkey and United Kingdom, 1985 to 2025
Year	Turkey	United Kingdom
1985	n/a	n/a
1986	n/a	n/a
1987	n/a	n/a
1988	n/a	n/a
1989	n/a	n/a
1990	n/a	n/a
1991	n/a	n/a
1992	n/a	n/a
1993	n/a	n/a
1994	n/a	n/a
1995	n/a	n/a
1996	n/a	n/a
1997	n/a	n/a
1998	n/a	n/a
1999	n/a	n/a
2000	1.95 MWh	6.63 MWh
2001	1.91 MWh	6.67 MWh
2002	1.96 MWh	6.65 MWh
2003	2.07 MWh	6.69 MWh
2004	2.17 MWh	6.67 MWh
2005	2.32 MWh	6.71 MWh
2006	2.49 MWh	6.63 MWh
2007	2.69 MWh	6.53 MWh
2008	2.77 MWh	6.45 MWh
2009	2.68 MWh	6.07 MWh
2010	2.87 MWh	6.11 MWh
2011	3.10 MWh	5.89 MWh
2012	3.22 MWh	5.87 MWh
2013	3.22 MWh	5.79 MWh
2014	3.30 MWh	5.53 MWh
2015	3.32 MWh	5.51 MWh
2016	3.42 MWh	5.42 MWh
2017	3.57 MWh	5.32 MWh
2018	3.55 MWh	5.29 MWh
2019	3.51 MWh	5.19 MWh
2020	3.50 MWh	4.88 MWh
2021	3.76 MWh	4.92 MWh
2022	3.71 MWh	4.70 MWh
2023	3.71 MWh	4.60 MWh
2024	3.89 MWh	4.59 MWh
2025	4.01 MWh	4.62 MWh

Turkey history · United Kingdom history

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.

Turkey vs United Kingdom: Electricity Compared

Key Facts

Key Figures, 2025

Generation Mix, 2025

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

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