Mongolia vs Nepal: Electricity Compared
Mongolia generated 8.82 TWh of electricity in 2024 and Nepal 11.1 TWh, according to Ember. Mongolia's largest source was coal (84.7%); Nepal's was hydro (98.8%). Each kWh generated emitted 817 gCO2/kWh in Mongolia and 24 gCO2/kWh in Nepal. These are Ember annual statistics for 2024, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.
Ember's latest annual figures for Nepal are for 2024, while Mongolia has figures to 2025, so this comparison uses 2024 for both.
Why this comparison: similar electricity demand on the same continent.
Key Facts
- Hydro supplied 98.8% of Nepal's electricity in 2024, against 0.7% in Mongolia.
- Mongolia's electricity was 34.1 times as carbon intensive as Nepal's in 2024, at 817 gCO2/kWh against 24 gCO2/kWh.
- The average person in Mongolia used 3.32 MWh of electricity in 2024, 9.0 times as much as in Nepal (0.37 MWh).
- Low carbon sources supplied 8.8% of Mongolia's electricity in 2024 and 100.0% of Nepal's.
- Electricity demand in 2024 was 11.5 TWh in Mongolia and 11.0 TWh in Nepal.
Key Figures, 2024
Ember annual statistics| Measure | Mongolia | Nepal |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 8.82 TWh | 11.1 TWh |
| Electricity demand | 11.5 TWh | 11.0 TWh |
| Demand per person | 3.32 MWh | 0.37 MWh |
| Carbon intensity | 817 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| Power sector emissions | 7.21 MtCO2 | 0.27 MtCO2 |
| Low carbon share | 8.8% | 100.0% |
| Largest source | Coal 84.7% | Hydro 98.8% |
Generation Mix, 2024
Share of generation| Source | Mongolia | Nepal |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 0.7% | 98.8% |
| Coal | 84.7% | 0.0% |
| Other fossil | 6.5% | 0.0% |
| Wind | 5.8% | 0.1% |
| Solar | 2.4% | 1.1% |
Carbon Intensity, 2000 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh
| Year | Mongolia | Nepal |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 911 gCO2/kWh | 35 gCO2/kWh |
| 2001 | 910 gCO2/kWh | 31 gCO2/kWh |
| 2002 | 910 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| 2003 | 910 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| 2004 | 909 gCO2/kWh | 26 gCO2/kWh |
| 2005 | 909 gCO2/kWh | 29 gCO2/kWh |
| 2006 | 908 gCO2/kWh | 26 gCO2/kWh |
| 2007 | 904 gCO2/kWh | 26 gCO2/kWh |
| 2008 | 903 gCO2/kWh | 26 gCO2/kWh |
| 2009 | 899 gCO2/kWh | 26 gCO2/kWh |
| 2010 | 894 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| 2011 | 890 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| 2012 | 891 gCO2/kWh | 27 gCO2/kWh |
| 2013 | 880 gCO2/kWh | 26 gCO2/kWh |
| 2014 | 869 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 869 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 868 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 867 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 844 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 812 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 809 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 802 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 814 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 816 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 817 gCO2/kWh | 24 gCO2/kWh |
| 2025 | 822 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
Demand per Person, 2000 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, MWh
| Year | Mongolia | Nepal |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 1.25 MWh | 0.07 MWh |
| 2001 | 1.27 MWh | 0.08 MWh |
| 2002 | 1.30 MWh | 0.08 MWh |
| 2003 | 1.30 MWh | 0.09 MWh |
| 2004 | 1.35 MWh | 0.10 MWh |
| 2005 | 1.39 MWh | 0.10 MWh |
| 2006 | 1.45 MWh | 0.11 MWh |
| 2007 | 1.50 MWh | 0.12 MWh |
| 2008 | 1.59 MWh | 0.12 MWh |
| 2009 | 1.57 MWh | 0.13 MWh |
| 2010 | 1.69 MWh | 0.14 MWh |
| 2011 | 1.75 MWh | 0.15 MWh |
| 2012 | 1.84 MWh | 0.16 MWh |
| 2013 | 2.17 MWh | 0.18 MWh |
| 2014 | 2.30 MWh | 0.19 MWh |
| 2015 | 2.31 MWh | 0.19 MWh |
| 2016 | 2.33 MWh | 0.23 MWh |
| 2017 | 2.44 MWh | 0.26 MWh |
| 2018 | 2.59 MWh | 0.27 MWh |
| 2019 | 2.67 MWh | 0.27 MWh |
| 2020 | 2.52 MWh | 0.31 MWh |
| 2021 | 2.77 MWh | 0.36 MWh |
| 2022 | 2.90 MWh | 0.38 MWh |
| 2023 | 3.11 MWh | 0.36 MWh |
| 2024 | 3.32 MWh | 0.37 MWh |
| 2025 | 3.53 MWh | n/a |
Mongolia history · Nepal history
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2024.