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Data as of 2024
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Built 2026-09-19 (19 September 2026)

Indonesia vs United Kingdom: Electricity Compared

Indonesia generated 372 TWh of electricity in 2024 and the United Kingdom 284 TWh, according to Ember. Indonesia's largest source was coal (61.5%); the United Kingdom's was gas (30.4%). Each kWh generated emitted 681 gCO2/kWh in Indonesia and 216 gCO2/kWh in the United Kingdom. These are Ember annual statistics for 2024, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.

Ember's latest annual figures for Indonesia are for 2024, while the United Kingdom has figures to 2025, so this comparison uses 2024 for both.

Why this comparison: both among the 20 largest electricity users.

Key Facts

  • Coal supplied 61.5% of Indonesia's electricity in 2024, against 0.7% in the United Kingdom.
  • Indonesia's electricity was 3.1 times as carbon intensive as the United Kingdom's in 2024, at 681 gCO2/kWh against 216 gCO2/kWh.
  • Electricity demand rose 25% in Indonesia between 2019 and 2024, while it fell 12% in the United Kingdom.
  • The average person in the United Kingdom used 4.59 MWh of electricity in 2024, 3.5 times as much as in Indonesia (1.31 MWh).
  • Low carbon sources supplied 18.1% of Indonesia's electricity in 2024 and 64.9% of the United Kingdom's.
  • Electricity demand in 2024 was 373 TWh in Indonesia and 306 TWh in the United Kingdom.

Key Figures, 2024

Ember annual statistics
MeasureIndonesiaUnited Kingdom
Total generation372 TWh284 TWh
Electricity demand373 TWh306 TWh
Demand per person1.31 MWh4.59 MWh
Carbon intensity681 gCO2/kWh216 gCO2/kWh
Power sector emissions253 MtCO261.5 MtCO2
Low carbon share18.1%64.9%
Largest sourceCoal 61.5%Gas 30.4%

Generation Mix, 2024

Share of generation
SourceIndonesiaUnited Kingdom
Coal 61.5% 0.7%
Gas 18.5% 30.4%
Wind 0.1% 29.3%
Nuclear 0.0% 14.3%
Bioenergy 5.7% 14.1%
Hydro 7.3% 2.0%
Solar 0.4% 5.2%
Other renewables 4.5% 0.0%
Other fossil 1.9% 4.0%

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics
Carbon intensity of electricity in Indonesia and United Kingdom, 1985 to 2025 Carbon intensity of electricity generated in Indonesia and the United Kingdom each year from 1985 to 2025, in gCO2/kWh. In 2024 it was 681 gCO2/kWh in Indonesia and 216 gCO2/kWh in the United Kingdom. 0 200 400 600 800 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Carbon intensity of electricity generated in Indonesia and the United Kingdom each year from 1985 to 2025, in gCO2/kWh. In 2024 it was 681 gCO2/kWh in Indonesia and 216 gCO2/kWh in the United Kingdom.
Annual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh
Carbon intensity of electricity in Indonesia and United Kingdom, 1985 to 2025
YearIndonesiaUnited Kingdom
1985n/a694 gCO2/kWh
1986n/a721 gCO2/kWh
1987n/a737 gCO2/kWh
1988n/a710 gCO2/kWh
1989n/a689 gCO2/kWh
1990n/a705 gCO2/kWh
1991n/a700 gCO2/kWh
1992n/a665 gCO2/kWh
1993n/a608 gCO2/kWh
1994n/a589 gCO2/kWh
1995n/a579 gCO2/kWh
1996n/a557 gCO2/kWh
1997n/a512 gCO2/kWh
1998n/a510 gCO2/kWh
1999n/a492 gCO2/kWh
2000631 gCO2/kWh522 gCO2/kWh
2001626 gCO2/kWh529 gCO2/kWh
2002643 gCO2/kWh521 gCO2/kWh
2003656 gCO2/kWh537 gCO2/kWh
2004654 gCO2/kWh536 gCO2/kWh
2005651 gCO2/kWh535 gCO2/kWh
2006668 gCO2/kWh559 gCO2/kWh
2007663 gCO2/kWh556 gCO2/kWh
2008653 gCO2/kWh554 gCO2/kWh
2009661 gCO2/kWh505 gCO2/kWh
2010637 gCO2/kWh517 gCO2/kWh
2011667 gCO2/kWh500 gCO2/kWh
2012687 gCO2/kWh537 gCO2/kWh
2013682 gCO2/kWh507 gCO2/kWh
2014692 gCO2/kWh463 gCO2/kWh
2015697 gCO2/kWh398 gCO2/kWh
2016689 gCO2/kWh333 gCO2/kWh
2017689 gCO2/kWh302 gCO2/kWh
2018684 gCO2/kWh286 gCO2/kWh
2019694 gCO2/kWh268 gCO2/kWh
2020685 gCO2/kWh243 gCO2/kWh
2021685 gCO2/kWh267 gCO2/kWh
2022676 gCO2/kWh255 gCO2/kWh
2023681 gCO2/kWh236 gCO2/kWh
2024681 gCO2/kWh216 gCO2/kWh
2025n/a222 gCO2/kWh

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics
Electricity demand per person in Indonesia and United Kingdom, 1985 to 2025 Electricity demand per person in Indonesia and the United Kingdom each year from 1985 to 2025, in MWh. In 2024 it was 1.31 MWh in Indonesia and 4.59 MWh in the United Kingdom. 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Electricity demand per person in Indonesia and the United Kingdom each year from 1985 to 2025, in MWh. In 2024 it was 1.31 MWh in Indonesia and 4.59 MWh in the United Kingdom.
Annual statistics through 2025, MWh
Electricity demand per person in Indonesia and United Kingdom, 1985 to 2025
YearIndonesiaUnited Kingdom
1985n/an/a
1986n/an/a
1987n/an/a
1988n/an/a
1989n/an/a
1990n/an/a
1991n/an/a
1992n/an/a
1993n/an/a
1994n/an/a
1995n/an/a
1996n/an/a
1997n/an/a
1998n/an/a
1999n/an/a
20000.45 MWh6.63 MWh
20010.49 MWh6.67 MWh
20020.51 MWh6.65 MWh
20030.52 MWh6.69 MWh
20040.55 MWh6.67 MWh
20050.58 MWh6.71 MWh
20060.59 MWh6.63 MWh
20070.63 MWh6.53 MWh
20080.65 MWh6.45 MWh
20090.67 MWh6.07 MWh
20100.72 MWh6.11 MWh
20110.77 MWh5.89 MWh
20120.83 MWh5.87 MWh
20130.88 MWh5.79 MWh
20140.92 MWh5.53 MWh
20150.93 MWh5.51 MWh
20160.98 MWh5.42 MWh
20171.00 MWh5.32 MWh
20181.06 MWh5.29 MWh
20191.09 MWh5.19 MWh
20201.07 MWh4.88 MWh
20211.12 MWh4.92 MWh
20221.20 MWh4.70 MWh
20231.25 MWh4.60 MWh
20241.31 MWh4.59 MWh
2025n/a4.62 MWh

Indonesia history · United Kingdom history

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2024.