Zimbabwe Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions
Zimbabwe generated 10.3 TWh of electricity in 2024, according to Ember. Hydro was the largest source at 55.6%, followed by coal (42.9%) and bioenergy (1.2%). Demand was 12.1 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 384 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2024; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.
Key Facts
- Zimbabwe generated 10.3 TWh of electricity in 2024.
- Hydro supplied 55.6% of Zimbabwe's electricity in 2024.
- Coal supplied 42.9% of Zimbabwe's electricity in 2024.
- Bioenergy supplied 1.2% of Zimbabwe's electricity in 2024.
- Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 57.1% of Zimbabwe's generation in 2024.
- The carbon intensity of Zimbabwe's electricity was 384 gCO2/kWh in 2024.
- Zimbabwe's carbon intensity in 2024 was 19% lower than in 2000, when it was 475 gCO2/kWh.
- Zimbabwe had the 106th highest electricity demand among the 197 countries with Ember data for 2024.
Key Figures, 2024
| Measure | Value | As of / source |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 10.3 TWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Electricity demand | 12.1 TWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Demand per person | 0.73 MWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Net imports | 1.84 TWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Carbon intensity | 384 gCO2/kWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Power sector emissions | 3.94 MtCO2 | 2024 · Ember |
| Demand rank (countries with 2024 data) | 106 of 197 | 2024 · Ember |
Generation Mix, 2024
| Source | Generation | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 5.70 TWh | 55.6% |
| Coal | 4.40 TWh | 42.9% |
| Bioenergy | 120 GWh | 1.2% |
| Solar | 40.0 GWh | 0.4% |
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Year by Year
Ember annual statistics, 2000 to 2024| Year | Hydro | Coal | Bioenergy | Solar |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 3.19 TWh | 3.73 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2001 | 2.96 TWh | 4.91 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2002 | 3.81 TWh | 4.76 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2003 | 5.34 TWh | 3.44 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2004 | 5.50 TWh | 4.20 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2005 | 4.91 TWh | 4.43 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2006 | 5.31 TWh | 2.53 TWh | 100 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2007 | 5.38 TWh | 2.13 TWh | 60.0 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2008 | 5.71 TWh | 1.81 TWh | 80.0 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2009 | 5.46 TWh | 1.75 TWh | 60.0 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2010 | 5.80 TWh | 2.75 TWh | 70.0 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2011 | 5.20 TWh | 3.84 TWh | 90.0 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2012 | 5.39 TWh | 3.59 TWh | 120 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2013 | 5.00 TWh | 4.35 TWh | 130 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2014 | 5.43 TWh | 4.40 TWh | 10.0 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2015 | 4.99 TWh | 4.54 TWh | 40.0 GWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2016 | 2.98 TWh | 3.91 TWh | 230 GWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2017 | 3.97 TWh | 3.38 TWh | 150 GWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2018 | 5.05 TWh | 4.13 TWh | 190 GWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2019 | 4.17 TWh | 4.05 TWh | 190 GWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2020 | 3.81 TWh | 2.74 TWh | 100 GWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2021 | 5.93 TWh | 2.51 TWh | 110 GWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2022 | 5.88 TWh | 2.92 TWh | 110 GWh | 30.0 GWh |
| 2023 | 5.46 TWh | 4.38 TWh | 120 GWh | 30.0 GWh |
| 2024 | 5.70 TWh | 4.40 TWh | 120 GWh | 40.0 GWh |
| Year | Generation | Demand | Carbon intensity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 10.3 TWh | 12.1 TWh | 384 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 9.99 TWh | 12.0 TWh | 392 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 8.94 TWh | 10.9 TWh | 299 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 8.57 TWh | 10.3 TWh | 271 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 6.71 TWh | 8.69 TWh | 371 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 8.48 TWh | 9.59 TWh | 430 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 9.43 TWh | 10.5 TWh | 396 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 7.55 TWh | 9.77 TWh | 404 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 7.17 TWh | 9.02 TWh | 488 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 9.59 TWh | 9.49 TWh | 420 gCO2/kWh |
Full year by year history for Zimbabwe, 2000 to 2024
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2024.
Countries With a Similar Electricity Mix
Ember annual, 2024Zimbabwe's closest match is North Korea, 90.0% the same, and the match goes both ways, so they are grid twins.
- North Korea 90.0% the same · grid twin North Korea generates 8.8 points less coal than Zimbabwe
- Montenegro 81.4% the same Montenegro generates 17.5 points less coal than Zimbabwe
- Bosnia and Herzegovina 79.9% the same Bosnia and Herzegovina generates 19.2 points less hydro than Zimbabwe
- Laos 79.1% the same Laos generates 20.9 points more hydro than Zimbabwe
- Vietnam 74.6% the same Vietnam generates 24.6 points less hydro than Zimbabwe
How close: the share of generation that would have to change fuel for one mix to match the other (half the sum of the fuel share differences); 100% minus that is "the same". Grids under 1 TWh are skipped. Grid twins: the 25 closest pairs and every country's nearest match
Zimbabwe Electricity FAQ
What is the main source of electricity in Zimbabwe?
Hydro was the largest source of electricity in Zimbabwe in 2024, supplying 55.6% of generation, followed by coal (42.9%) and bioenergy (1.2%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.
How much electricity does Zimbabwe use?
Zimbabwe used 12.1 TWh of electricity in 2024, about 0.73 MWh per person.
How clean is Zimbabwe's electricity?
Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in Zimbabwe emitted 384 gCO2/kWh in 2024, and low carbon sources supplied 57.1% of generation. That is 19% below the world average of 472 gCO2/kWh.
Does Zimbabwe import electricity?
Yes. Zimbabwe imported 1.84 TWh more electricity than it exported in 2024.
Related
Cite this page
World Power Monitor. (2024). Zimbabwe Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions. https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/zimbabwe/
World Power Monitor. Zimbabwe Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions. Data as of 2024. Data from Ember. https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/zimbabwe/
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