Germany vs Russia: Electricity Compared

Germany generated 497 TWh of electricity in 2025 and Russia 1,194 TWh, according to Ember. Germany's largest source was wind (26.6%); Russia's was gas (45.6%). Each kWh generated emitted 334 gCO2/kWh in Germany and 447 gCO2/kWh in Russia. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.

Why this comparison: both among the 20 largest electricity users and similar electricity demand on the same continent.

Key Facts

Gas supplied 45.6% of Russia's electricity in 2025, against 16.8% in Germany.
Electricity demand rose 10% in Russia between 2020 and 2025, while it fell 6% in Germany.
Carbon intensity rose 7% in Russia between 2020 and 2025, while it fell 6% in Germany.
Low carbon sources supplied 58.5% of Germany's electricity in 2025 and 35.7% of Russia's.
Electricity demand in 2025 was 517 TWh in Germany and 1,178 TWh in Russia.

Key Figures, 2025

Ember annual statistics

Measure	Germany	Russia
Total generation	497 TWh	1,194 TWh
Electricity demand	517 TWh	1,178 TWh
Demand per person	6.19 MWh	8.17 MWh
Carbon intensity	334 gCO2/kWh	447 gCO2/kWh
Power sector emissions	166 MtCO2	534 MtCO2
Low carbon share	58.5%	35.7%
Largest source	Wind 26.6%	Gas 45.6%

Generation Mix, 2025

Share of generation

Source	Germany	Russia
Gas	16.8%	45.6%
Wind	26.6%	0.3%
Coal	21.0%	17.7%
Nuclear	0.0%	18.3%
Solar	18.1%	0.2%
Hydro	3.7%	16.7%
Bioenergy	10.1%	0.1%
Other fossil	3.8%	1.0%
Other renewables	0.1%	0.0%

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Carbon intensity of electricity generated in Germany and Russia each year from 1985 to 2025, in gCO2/kWh. In 2025 it was 334 gCO2/kWh in Germany and 447 gCO2/kWh in Russia.

Annual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh

Carbon intensity of electricity in Germany and Russia, 1985 to 2025
Year	Germany	Russia
1985	431 gCO2/kWh	492 gCO2/kWh
1986	431 gCO2/kWh	492 gCO2/kWh
1987	431 gCO2/kWh	489 gCO2/kWh
1988	431 gCO2/kWh	486 gCO2/kWh
1989	431 gCO2/kWh	488 gCO2/kWh
1990	622 gCO2/kWh	496 gCO2/kWh
1991	628 gCO2/kWh	492 gCO2/kWh
1992	605 gCO2/kWh	483 gCO2/kWh
1993	608 gCO2/kWh	473 gCO2/kWh
1994	604 gCO2/kWh	481 gCO2/kWh
1995	596 gCO2/kWh	477 gCO2/kWh
1996	591 gCO2/kWh	482 gCO2/kWh
1997	575 gCO2/kWh	477 gCO2/kWh
1998	587 gCO2/kWh	482 gCO2/kWh
1999	566 gCO2/kWh	468 gCO2/kWh
2000	573 gCO2/kWh	470 gCO2/kWh
2001	565 gCO2/kWh	458 gCO2/kWh
2002	570 gCO2/kWh	463 gCO2/kWh
2003	570 gCO2/kWh	465 gCO2/kWh
2004	555 gCO2/kWh	454 gCO2/kWh
2005	546 gCO2/kWh	457 gCO2/kWh
2006	536 gCO2/kWh	463 gCO2/kWh
2007	552 gCO2/kWh	458 gCO2/kWh
2008	525 gCO2/kWh	475 gCO2/kWh
2009	522 gCO2/kWh	452 gCO2/kWh
2010	517 gCO2/kWh	458 gCO2/kWh
2011	530 gCO2/kWh	461 gCO2/kWh
2012	534 gCO2/kWh	462 gCO2/kWh
2013	538 gCO2/kWh	450 gCO2/kWh
2014	522 gCO2/kWh	449 gCO2/kWh
2015	504 gCO2/kWh	444 gCO2/kWh
2016	498 gCO2/kWh	443 gCO2/kWh
2017	470 gCO2/kWh	440 gCO2/kWh
2018	455 gCO2/kWh	439 gCO2/kWh
2019	392 gCO2/kWh	440 gCO2/kWh
2020	356 gCO2/kWh	418 gCO2/kWh
2021	395 gCO2/kWh	427 gCO2/kWh
2022	420 gCO2/kWh	443 gCO2/kWh
2023	364 gCO2/kWh	447 gCO2/kWh
2024	340 gCO2/kWh	444 gCO2/kWh
2025	334 gCO2/kWh	447 gCO2/kWh

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Electricity demand per person in Germany and Russia each year from 1985 to 2025, in MWh. In 2025 it was 6.19 MWh in Germany and 8.17 MWh in Russia.

Annual statistics through 2025, MWh

Electricity demand per person in Germany and Russia, 1985 to 2025
Year	Germany	Russia
1985	n/a	n/a
1986	n/a	n/a
1987	n/a	n/a
1988	n/a	n/a
1989	n/a	n/a
1990	n/a	n/a
1991	n/a	n/a
1992	n/a	n/a
1993	n/a	n/a
1994	n/a	n/a
1995	n/a	n/a
1996	n/a	n/a
1997	n/a	n/a
1998	n/a	n/a
1999	n/a	n/a
2000	6.99 MWh	5.89 MWh
2001	7.11 MWh	5.99 MWh
2002	7.24 MWh	6.02 MWh
2003	7.29 MWh	6.19 MWh
2004	7.39 MWh	6.37 MWh
2005	7.42 MWh	6.51 MWh
2006	7.51 MWh	6.78 MWh
2007	7.56 MWh	6.99 MWh
2008	7.55 MWh	7.11 MWh
2009	7.11 MWh	6.80 MWh
2010	7.54 MWh	7.09 MWh
2011	7.44 MWh	7.17 MWh
2012	7.41 MWh	7.30 MWh
2013	7.37 MWh	7.23 MWh
2014	7.19 MWh	7.29 MWh
2015	7.20 MWh	7.27 MWh
2016	7.14 MWh	7.38 MWh
2017	7.12 MWh	7.39 MWh
2018	7.00 MWh	7.49 MWh
2019	6.79 MWh	7.51 MWh
2020	6.55 MWh	7.34 MWh
2021	6.69 MWh	7.79 MWh
2022	6.42 MWh	7.90 MWh
2023	6.10 MWh	7.99 MWh
2024	6.18 MWh	8.24 MWh
2025	6.19 MWh	8.17 MWh

Germany history · Russia history

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.

Germany vs Russia: Electricity Compared

Key Facts

Key Figures, 2025

Generation Mix, 2025

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

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