France vs Turkey: Electricity Compared
France generated 570 TWh of electricity in 2025 and Turkey 354 TWh, according to Ember. France's largest source was nuclear (68.8%); Turkey's was coal (34.3%). Each kWh generated emitted 41 gCO2/kWh in France and 476 gCO2/kWh in Turkey. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.
Why this comparison: both among the 20 largest electricity users.
Key Facts
- Nuclear supplied 68.8% of France's electricity in 2025, against none in Turkey.
- Turkey's electricity was 11.5 times as carbon intensive as France's in 2025, at 476 gCO2/kWh against 41 gCO2/kWh.
- Low carbon sources supplied 94.9% of France's electricity in 2025 and 43.3% of Turkey's.
- Electricity demand in 2025 was 476 TWh in France and 352 TWh in Turkey.
Key Figures, 2025
Ember annual statistics| Measure | France | Turkey |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 570 TWh | 354 TWh |
| Electricity demand | 476 TWh | 352 TWh |
| Demand per person | 7.15 MWh | 4.01 MWh |
| Carbon intensity | 41 gCO2/kWh | 476 gCO2/kWh |
| Power sector emissions | 23.6 MtCO2 | 168 MtCO2 |
| Low carbon share | 94.9% | 43.3% |
| Largest source | Nuclear 68.8% | Coal 34.3% |
Generation Mix, 2025
Share of generation| Source | France | Turkey |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclear | 68.8% | 0.0% |
| Coal | 0.3% | 34.3% |
| Gas | 3.0% | 22.1% |
| Hydro | 10.4% | 16.2% |
| Wind | 8.2% | 11.1% |
| Solar | 5.6% | 10.5% |
| Other renewables | 0.1% | 3.0% |
| Bioenergy | 1.8% | 2.4% |
| Other fossil | 1.8% | 0.3% |
Carbon Intensity, 1990 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh
| Year | France | Turkey |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 104 gCO2/kWh | 526 gCO2/kWh |
| 1991 | 122 gCO2/kWh | 539 gCO2/kWh |
| 1992 | 102 gCO2/kWh | 539 gCO2/kWh |
| 1993 | 69 gCO2/kWh | 481 gCO2/kWh |
| 1994 | 67 gCO2/kWh | 537 gCO2/kWh |
| 1995 | 73 gCO2/kWh | 505 gCO2/kWh |
| 1996 | 79 gCO2/kWh | 496 gCO2/kWh |
| 1997 | 71 gCO2/kWh | 519 gCO2/kWh |
| 1998 | 97 gCO2/kWh | 519 gCO2/kWh |
| 1999 | 87 gCO2/kWh | 557 gCO2/kWh |
| 2000 | 80 gCO2/kWh | 574 gCO2/kWh |
| 2001 | 69 gCO2/kWh | 605 gCO2/kWh |
| 2002 | 75 gCO2/kWh | 536 gCO2/kWh |
| 2003 | 81 gCO2/kWh | 525 gCO2/kWh |
| 2004 | 77 gCO2/kWh | 494 gCO2/kWh |
| 2005 | 86 gCO2/kWh | 544 gCO2/kWh |
| 2006 | 77 gCO2/kWh | 538 gCO2/kWh |
| 2007 | 80 gCO2/kWh | 578 gCO2/kWh |
| 2008 | 76 gCO2/kWh | 593 gCO2/kWh |
| 2009 | 76 gCO2/kWh | 577 gCO2/kWh |
| 2010 | 79 gCO2/kWh | 525 gCO2/kWh |
| 2011 | 75 gCO2/kWh | 541 gCO2/kWh |
| 2012 | 78 gCO2/kWh | 528 gCO2/kWh |
| 2013 | 76 gCO2/kWh | 510 gCO2/kWh |
| 2014 | 52 gCO2/kWh | 567 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 59 gCO2/kWh | 505 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 69 gCO2/kWh | 523 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 78 gCO2/kWh | 535 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 60 gCO2/kWh | 543 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 60 gCO2/kWh | 490 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 59 gCO2/kWh | 484 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 60 gCO2/kWh | 502 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 79 gCO2/kWh | 489 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 53 gCO2/kWh | 495 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 40 gCO2/kWh | 471 gCO2/kWh |
| 2025 | 41 gCO2/kWh | 476 gCO2/kWh |
Demand per Person, 1990 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, MWh
| Year | France | Turkey |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | n/a | n/a |
| 1991 | n/a | n/a |
| 1992 | n/a | n/a |
| 1993 | n/a | n/a |
| 1994 | n/a | n/a |
| 1995 | n/a | n/a |
| 1996 | n/a | n/a |
| 1997 | n/a | n/a |
| 1998 | n/a | n/a |
| 1999 | n/a | n/a |
| 2000 | 7.79 MWh | 1.95 MWh |
| 2001 | 7.92 MWh | 1.91 MWh |
| 2002 | 7.86 MWh | 1.96 MWh |
| 2003 | 8.11 MWh | 2.07 MWh |
| 2004 | 8.25 MWh | 2.17 MWh |
| 2005 | 8.26 MWh | 2.32 MWh |
| 2006 | 8.12 MWh | 2.49 MWh |
| 2007 | 8.09 MWh | 2.69 MWh |
| 2008 | 8.27 MWh | 2.77 MWh |
| 2009 | 7.97 MWh | 2.68 MWh |
| 2010 | 8.38 MWh | 2.87 MWh |
| 2011 | 8.02 MWh | 3.10 MWh |
| 2012 | 8.17 MWh | 3.22 MWh |
| 2013 | 8.21 MWh | 3.22 MWh |
| 2014 | 7.72 MWh | 3.30 MWh |
| 2015 | 7.86 MWh | 3.32 MWh |
| 2016 | 7.95 MWh | 3.42 MWh |
| 2017 | 7.90 MWh | 3.57 MWh |
| 2018 | 7.83 MWh | 3.55 MWh |
| 2019 | 7.73 MWh | 3.51 MWh |
| 2020 | 7.32 MWh | 3.50 MWh |
| 2021 | 7.65 MWh | 3.76 MWh |
| 2022 | 7.29 MWh | 3.71 MWh |
| 2023 | 7.05 MWh | 3.71 MWh |
| 2024 | 7.09 MWh | 3.89 MWh |
| 2025 | 7.15 MWh | 4.01 MWh |
France history · Turkey history
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.