Eswatini Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions
Eswatini generated 610 GWh of electricity in 2024, according to Ember. Hydro was the largest source at 57.4%, followed by bioenergy (34.4%) and solar (4.9%). Demand was 1.65 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 120 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2024; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.
Key Facts
- Eswatini generated 610 GWh of electricity in 2024.
- Hydro supplied 57.4% of Eswatini's electricity in 2024.
- Bioenergy supplied 34.4% of Eswatini's electricity in 2024.
- Solar supplied 4.9% of Eswatini's electricity in 2024.
- Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 96.7% of Eswatini's generation in 2024.
- The carbon intensity of Eswatini's electricity was 120 gCO2/kWh in 2024.
- Eswatini's carbon intensity in 2024 was 30% lower than in 2000, when it was 171 gCO2/kWh.
- Eswatini had the 155th highest electricity demand among the 197 countries with Ember data for 2024.
Key Figures, 2024
| Measure | Value | As of / source |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 610 GWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Electricity demand | 1.65 TWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Demand per person | 1.33 MWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Net imports | 1.04 TWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Carbon intensity | 120 gCO2/kWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Power sector emissions | 0.07 MtCO2 | 2024 · Ember |
| Demand rank (countries with 2024 data) | 155 of 197 | 2024 · Ember |
Generation Mix, 2024
Year by Year
Ember annual statistics, 2000 to 2024| Year | Hydro | Bioenergy | Solar | Coal |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 190 GWh | 460 GWh | 0 TWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2001 | 190 GWh | 500 GWh | 0 TWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2002 | 200 GWh | 490 GWh | 0 TWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2003 | 120 GWh | 490 GWh | 0 TWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2004 | 100 GWh | 450 GWh | 0 TWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2005 | 160 GWh | 440 GWh | 0 TWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2006 | 150 GWh | 520 GWh | 0 TWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2007 | 170 GWh | 520 GWh | 0 TWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2008 | 160 GWh | 510 GWh | 0 TWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2009 | 200 GWh | 440 GWh | 0 TWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2010 | 240 GWh | 480 GWh | 0 TWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2011 | 280 GWh | 280 GWh | 0 TWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2012 | 240 GWh | 240 GWh | 0 TWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2013 | 310 GWh | 250 GWh | 0 TWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2014 | 230 GWh | 230 GWh | 0 TWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2015 | 120 GWh | 240 GWh | 0 TWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2016 | 120 GWh | 210 GWh | 0 TWh | 30.0 GWh |
| 2017 | 210 GWh | 200 GWh | 0 TWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2018 | 270 GWh | 200 GWh | 0 TWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2019 | 230 GWh | 220 GWh | 0 TWh | 40.0 GWh |
| 2020 | 230 GWh | 240 GWh | 0 TWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2021 | 260 GWh | 200 GWh | 30.0 GWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2022 | 300 GWh | 200 GWh | 30.0 GWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2023 | 400 GWh | 210 GWh | 30.0 GWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2024 | 350 GWh | 210 GWh | 30.0 GWh | 20.0 GWh |
| Year | Generation | Demand | Carbon intensity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 610 GWh | 1.65 TWh | 120 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 660 GWh | 1.70 TWh | 114 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 550 GWh | 1.47 TWh | 127 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 510 GWh | 1.41 TWh | 135 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 490 GWh | 1.40 TWh | 155 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 490 GWh | 1.53 TWh | 182 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 490 GWh | 1.43 TWh | 139 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 430 GWh | 1.45 TWh | 153 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 360 GWh | 1.42 TWh | 211 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 380 GWh | 1.46 TWh | 192 gCO2/kWh |
Full year by year history for Eswatini, 2000 to 2024
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2024.
Eswatini Electricity FAQ
What is the main source of electricity in Eswatini?
Hydro was the largest source of electricity in Eswatini in 2024, supplying 57.4% of generation, followed by bioenergy (34.4%) and solar (4.9%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.
How much electricity does Eswatini use?
Eswatini used 1.65 TWh of electricity in 2024, about 1.33 MWh per person.
How clean is Eswatini's electricity?
Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in Eswatini emitted 120 gCO2/kWh in 2024, and low carbon sources supplied 96.7% of generation. That is 75% below the world average of 472 gCO2/kWh.
Does Eswatini import electricity?
Yes. Eswatini imported 1.04 TWh more electricity than it exported in 2024.